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Northern Africa

Sudan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Photograph of the Hands of Victory Monument in Baghdad.

Middle East

Iraq

Egyptian Pyramids

Northern Africa

Egypt

Photograph of Sayyida Zainab bin Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib Shrine.

Middle East

Syria

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Nikita Khrushchev Collection

Emir Farid Chehab

Emir Farid Chehab Collection

Photograph of Gamal Abdel Nasser

Nasser, Gamal Abdel

1918 - 1970

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Eden, Anthony, Earl of Avon

1897 - 1977

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Sedki, Aziz

-

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Aziz, Tariq

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President Dwight D. Eisenhower

Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David)

1890 - 1969

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924 - 2018

Bandung Conference 1955

Bandung Conference, 1955

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Dag Hammarskjöld and Zhou Enlai

China at the United Nations

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July 22, 1961	Reception by Cde. N.S. Khrushchev of the Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces and Prime Minister of Sudan Ibrahim Abboud Khrushchev discusses the Soviet Union's new economic program and revolutionary history with Sudanese Prime Minister Ibrahim Abboud, emphasizing the USSR's achievements and its commitment to peaceful, cooperative relations with Sudan. He critiques Western imperialism and urges Sudan to allow Soviet aid flights to the Congo, arguing that supporting anti-colonial movements is a moral duty. The conversation also touches on Sudan's domestic policies, its cautious approach to socialism, and opportunities for expanded economic and technical cooperation between the two countries.
March 20, 1959	Record of Conversation between Cde. N.S. Khrushchev and Mohammed El-Nil, Ambassador of the Republic of Sudan in the USSR Khrushchev discusses the Soviet Union's relationships with both Iraq and the UAR (Egypt), expressing criticism of Nasser's policies and approach to Arab unity. He voices concerns over Nasser’s political stance and the impact of his speeches, highlighting areas where Soviet and Egyptian interests diverge. Additionally, Khrushchev thanks the Sudanese Ambassador for his service as he steps down from his position.
April 30, 1958	Transcript of the Negotiations between the Soviet Leadership and the Leadership of the UAR The two sides first discuss the aggression of the USA, England, and France towards the Arab nations over natural resources. The two sides then discuss bilateral relations and affairs in the Middle East.
October 18, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Egypt’s President Mubarak on Thursday, 17 October 1991, 11:00 – 14:00 hours Kohl and Mubarak discuss the overall situation in the Midle East after the Gulf War. Mubarak shares his insights examining the positions and competing interests of Israel, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Syria and Saudi Arabia.
June 27, 1969	Embassy of the GDR in the PR China, 'Note about a Conversation of the Ambassador of the GDR in the PR China, Comrade Hertzfeldt, with the Head of Main Department in the Foreign Ministry of the PR China, Yu Zhan, on 2 June 1969' A report on the GDR's foreign relations with countries such as Cambodia, Iraq, and Sudan, as well as with West Germany.
January 16, 1971	Meeting of Arab Communist Parties in Damascus Report on a conference of Arab Communist parties, held to discuss the political situation in the Middle East and a list of those in attendance.
1955	List of Brotherhood’s Leaders List of Muslim Brotherhood leadership in Syria, Sudan, Jordan, Libya, Italy, Germany and the U.S.
March 31, 1965	Record of the Second Meeting between Premier Zhou and President Ben Bella The document records a conversation between Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai and Algerian President Ben Bella, focusing on their shared opposition to imperialism and their support for Vietnam's struggle against US aggression. They discuss international dynamics, including the Soviet Union's inconsistent stance on Vietnam, Algeria’s efforts to mediate regional conflicts, and broader issues affecting Asia and Africa, such as the Second Asian-African Conference and United Nations reform. Both leaders emphasize the importance of solidarity among socialist and anti-imperialist nations while critiquing the actions of imperialist forces in Africa and Southeast Asia. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
July 13, 1971	Preparing a Plan for a Coup in Sudan and Iraq A detailed outline of attendees and discussions of a secret conference of Arab communist parties to plan a coup in Sudan and Iraq, including a proposed agenda for escalation.
May 10, 1955	Report from the Chinese Foreign Ministry, 'Comments on the Asian-African Conference from the Participating Countries After the Conference' Description of the reaction to the Asian-African Conference in both participating countries and capitalist ruled countries.