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Cuban Foreign Relations

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Fidel Castro, 1959.

Castro, Fidel

1926 - 2016

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Kudryavtsev, Sergey Mikhailovich

1915 - 1998

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

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Alekseyev, Alexander Ivanovich

1913 - 1989

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Soviet Union. Embassy (Cuba)

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President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

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Jelen, Bolesław

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Hungary. Embassy (Cuba)

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China and Latin America and the Caribbean

Conversations with Mao Zedong

Sino-Soviet Relations

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Documents

May 15, 1969	Note regarding the Intelligence Situation in Cuba This 1969 Polish intelligence document details the restrictive surveillance environment in Cuba, particularly on personnel of socialist embassies. It describes widespread monitoring of embassy staff by Cuban counterintelligence, including designated "guardians" who closely observe foreigners’ social interactions. Additionally, it reports severe rationing, limited public social spaces, and restricted freedom of movement for diplomatic staff, who face barriers to interacting freely with locals due to fear of government retribution. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
March 11, 1974	Stenographic Protocol of the Meeting between Todor Zhivkov and Raul Castro Rus Stenographic protocol of the meeting between Todor Zhivkov - First Secretary of the Central Committee of the BKP and Chairman of the State Council of the NRB, and the Second Secretary of the Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party and First Deputy Chairman of the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Cuba Raul Castro.
1962	Information on the Situation in the United Revolutionary Organizations of Cuba An Albanian party report testified to the worsening Soviet-Cuban relations in the wake of the missiles’ withdrawal, zeroing in on the “enraged” Fidel, who believed the Soviet leader treated Cuba not as a socialist country but as a satellite state
July 2, 1962	A. Krajewski, 'Assessment of Polish Position in Cuba during the Visit of Minister Rapacki, Based on the Conversations I had in Havana After his Departure' According to this Polish report, Soviet Ambassador Kudryavtsev’s dismissal was made at Fidel Castro’s explicit request.
August 14, 1962	Bolesław Jeleń, 'Memo to Department VI [Latin America]' According to the Polish embassy in Havana, Sovie Ambassador Sergei Kudryavtsev failed to develop a sufficiently close relationship with Castro. The report also comments on the visit of Adam Rapacki to Cuba.
April 1961	Information of the Soviet Ambassador in Cuba on 18 April Czechoslovak diplomats in Havana inform Prague of the Soviet envoy’s admission that the threat of US-sponsored counter-revolution left Castro with no other choice but to turn to Marx and Lenin and to rely on the help of the Soviet Union and the other socialist countries
January 9, 1961	J. Miller, 'The Danger of Military Aggression against Cuba and a Proposal for Further Measures of Czechoslovak Intelligence in Support of Revolutionary Cuba' The head of the Czechoslovak intelligence observed that the interruption of diplomatic relations with the US in January 1961 brought the immediate danger of military aggression against Cuba.
1961	Document from the Soviet Embassy in Cuba Requesting Soviet Support Against 'Counter-revolutionary Gangs' In a 1961 top secret report, the Soviet embassy painted a very dire situation on the island with US-backed counter-revolutionary forces gaining momentum
September 16, 1960	Information Report of the Delegation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Czech Republic from VIII. Congress of the People's Socialist Party of Cuba Prague dispatched delegates to the Eighth Congress of the PSP in August 1960. Speaking at the gathering, the Cuban communist leader, Blas Roca Calderio, effectively offered his stamp of approval to Castro before the Czechoslovakian guests, recognizing him as a “new phenomenon in Latin America’s history.” In their comments, the Czechoslovaks demonstrated their satisfaction with the deepening influence of the Cuban communists within the country’s socio-political transformations, which held the serious potential to increase the significance of the Cuban revolution in the eyes of the Soviet Union and the other Socialist states.
March 10, 1959	Record about an Interview with Comrade Severo Aguirre, a Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the People’s Socialist Party of Cuba After talking with the member of the PSP's Central Committee, Severo Aguirre, Prague’s Communist Party leaders saw a glimmer of hope for the further radicalization of the revolution: the fact that the “bourgeois” leaders of the revolutionary army, the Castro brothers, and Ernesto “Che” Guevara, relied on the people’s army, on which the communists had significant influence.