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Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Egyptian Pyramids

Northern Africa

Egypt

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Middle East

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Photograph of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.

Middle East

Palestine

Group photo from the Arms Control and Regional Security Working Group Operational Basket Meeting, Antalya, Turkey, April 4-6, 1995.

ACRS Oral History Project

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James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS)

1989 -

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

1923 -

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Fahmy, Nabil‏

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Yom Kippur War, 1973

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Pomper, Miles

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Kofi Annan and Saddam Hussein

Hussein, Saddam

1937 - 2006

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Notte, Hanna

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The Six-Day War (1967)

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

Saddam on the Phone in 1988

The Saddam Files

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April 3, 1972	Note regarding the Personal Conversation that took place between Nicolae Ceausescu and Anwar El-Sadat, Monday, 3 April 1972, in Cairo Nicolae Ceausescu and Anwar El-Sadat discuss foreign policy with relation to Israel, the United States, and the USSR. Sadat discusses future relations with Israel and strategic closure of the Suez Canal.
June 12, 1967	Minutes of Conversation [taken at] the Meeting of the Executive Committee of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party, June 12 1967 Minutes of conversation of a meeting of the Executive Committee of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party to discuss the diplomatic response to the Six Day War, including Israel's support from the West, food aid to Egypt, and the USSR helping the Arabs in the future.
February 3, 1969	Memorandum for the President [Richard Nixon] from Henry A. Kissinger, 'The Middle East--Some Policy Considerations' Kissinger provides Nixon with an overview of achieving a general political settlement in the Arab-Israeli conflict, and different international frameworks for this goal.
November 21, 1958	Record of a Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev with the Iraqi Public Figures, Members of the Peace Delegation Khrushchev meets with and answers questions from an Iraqi Peace Delegation, including strategies for preventing war in the Middle East, the suspension of nuclear weapons testing, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, current situations in Algeria, Yemen, Oman, and Iran, and the possibility of the Soviet Union building a pilot hospital in Baghdad.
July 30, 1990	National Intelligence Daily for Monday, 30 July 1990 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for 30 July 1990 describes the latest developments in the Soviet Union, Japan, Liberia, Algeria, Togo, Afghanistan, Burma, Iraq and Israel.
July 11, 2011	Remarks With European Union High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton After Their Meeting Secretary of State Hilary Clinton and European Union High Representative Catherine Ashton summarize their talks on Syria, Libya, and the Kosovo-Serbia dialogue, among other subjects. They field several questions from reporters on these issues and other consultations between the United States and the European Union.
April 12, 2017	Oral History Interview with Nabil Fahmy The interview with Nabil Fahmy provides an in-depth view of Egypt’s position and strategies during the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference. Fahmy emphasizes Egypt's focus on addressing regional asymmetries, particularly Israel's nuclear ambiguity, while advocating for global disarmament and non-proliferation. He reflects on Egypt's frustrations with unfulfilled promises from the U.S. and Israel, including failed bilateral and multilateral talks like ACRS, which underpinned Egypt’s skepticism toward the indefinite extension of the NPT. Despite knowing that indefinite extension was inevitable, Egypt used the Middle East resolution as leverage, securing its inclusion as part of the final package. Fahmy underscores Egypt's practical yet principled stance, acknowledging the challenges of disarmament and the limits of what could realistically be achieved given the prevailing geopolitical dynamics. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
April 21, 1956	Hammarskjold's Mission Short report on a mission to reach a final settlement between the Arabs and Israelis.
1969	The Suspension of the Baghdad Pact and the Iraqi-Egyptian Rapprochement Report on the British Foreign Secretary's visit to the Middle East and the suspension of the Baghdad Pact.
1947	The Muslim Brotherhood Account of the Muslim Brotherhood's division in Syria and tension with communists and the Syrian government.