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Documents

November 9, 1962

Record of Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and Ambassador of India T. Kaul

Indian Ambassador T. N. Kaul met with Khrushchev to discuss the conflict between India and China, which India views as Chinese aggression. Kaul conveyed India’s desire to end the conflict while expressing concern over China's military advantage. He requested Soviet weapons support to strengthen India’s defense and demonstrate balanced international backing. Khrushchev declined, stating that the USSR seeks only a peaceful resolution and does not wish to escalate the conflict by supplying arms. He emphasized that negotiations are the only solution and reaffirmed the Soviet Union's neutral stance. Kaul also requested continued Soviet support for non-military assistance, such as transport aircraft and pilot training, which Khrushchev agreed to consider.

September 19, 1958

Letter, N. Khrushchev to the CPSU CC Presidium

Proposed text of a letter from Nikita Khrushchev to Mao Zedong, reiterating Soviet support for the People's Republic of China in the event of a nuclear attack on the PRC.

January 7, 1969

Y.D. Fadeev, First Secretary of the Soviet Embassy in North Korea, 'Korean-Chinese Relations in the Second Half of 1968 (Memo)'

The document examines Sino-Korean relations by analyzing international relations with US and Japan, describing how the ideology of Mao affects the relationship, and discussing trade relations and military relations.

September 15, 1959

Mikihail Zimyanin's Background Report for Khrushchev on China (Excerpt)

Mikhail Zimyanin, head of the Soviet Foreign Ministry’s Far Eastern department, reports to Khrushchev on the “new stage” in Sino-Soviet relations after the victory of the people’s revolution in China; China and the Soviet Union now share the common goal of developing socialist societies in their respective countries.

October 2, 1980

CPSU CC Politburo Directive to Soviet Ambassadors and Representatives, 'Carrying Out Additional Measures to Counter American-Chinese Military Cooperation'

Instructions to Soviet ambassadors discussing the growing military cooperation between China and the United States.

March 4, 1980

CPSU CC Directive to Soviet Ambassadors in Communist Countries, Instructions 'About the China Question'

Instructions to Soviet ambassadors on dealing with China's outreach to socialist countries in the eastern bloc, outlining a series of steps for Soviet ambassadors to follow which would
foster skepticism about China’s intentions and thwart efforts by Chinese representatives to make wide-ranging contacts in these states. The directive notes China’s hostility to Vietnam, Cuba, Laos, and Mongolia and contrasts this with its development of extensive relations with Romania, Yugoslavia, and North Korea.

October 14, 1959

From the Journal of Ambassador S.F. Antonov, Summary of a Conversation with the Chairman of the CC CPC Mao Zedong

October 1959 conversation between Mao Zedong and the Soviet diplomat and sinologist S.F. Antonov, in which Mao attempted to reassure the Soviets that China would not provoke war with the United States or with its Asian neighbors. In his conversation with Antonov, Mao attempts to lessen the impact of China’s displeasure with Soviet policies. He tries hard to show his agreement with Moscow on every issue—the United States, Taiwan, India, Tibet, disarmament.