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November 20, 1958

Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1958, No. 33 (Overall Issue No. 160)

This issue covers topics such as the response of the Chinese government to communications from the UK regarding the Korean War and UN forces, emphasizing China's stance on peaceful resolution. Additionally, it discusses internal matters like combining nationwide patriotic health and socialist construction meetings, strategies to boost Chinese medicine production, customs regulations for cross-border rail transport, and appointments and dismissals of government officials. Prominent countries mentioned include China, the UK, and North Korea, with notable references to entities like the United Nations and the Korean People’s Army.

May 15, 1950

Monthly Report of the Indian Mission, Lhasa, for Period Ending 15th May 1950

The Indian Mission in Lhasa reports on the Tibetan Government's attempts to engage the governments of India, the UK, and the US while it begins negotiations with the Chinese Communist Party.

April 16, 1950

Monthly Report of the Indian Mission, Lhasa for Period Ending 15th April, 1950

Writing from Lhasa, Hugh Richardson summarizes recent developments in Tibet's relations with India, China, Nepal, the US, and the UK, as well as political and economic trends within Tibet.

April 1, 1949

Letter, Jawaharlal Nehru to All Provincial Premiers

Nehru briefs the Provincial Premiers about internal and external developments. Nehru highlights the situation in China and states that the communists could soon take power in the whole of China. He speculates how this will affect other regions.

September 14, 1961

Reception by N.S. Khrushchev of Japanese Ambassador H. Yamada, September 14, 1961

The two parties discuss solutions for improving Soviet-Japanese trade relations. Khrushchev expresses concern about Japan's military ties with the US, given that there are US army bases in Japan. Yamada raises the concern of logistical difficulties faced by Japanese businesspeople visiting the USSR. The two parties also discuss Soviet-Japanese treaties and geopolitical relations. 

March 26, 1965

Palestine Delegation in Peking

Formed in 1964, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was not the first Palestinian organization after the nakba (catastrophe), the escape from violence and the Israeli expulsion of a good half of Palestinians in 1948. The two most important earlier organizations were Harakat al-Qawmiyyin al-‘Arab (Arab Nationalists Movement [ANM]) and Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini (Palestinian National Liberation Movement [Fatah]).

Founded in 1951 in Beirut, ANM became committed to Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser (1918-1970) and his version of pan-Arab nationalism, which it saw as the means to liberate Palestine, opening a separate Palestinian branch in 1959. (In 1967, it would give rise to the leftist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), which split in 1968, one wing forming the Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PDFLP)).

Rejecting Arab states’ tutelage, Fatah was officially born in 1959, though organizational activities began in 1956 and though it built on military cells operating from Egyptian-ruled Gaza from the early 1950s. After Arab armies’ crushing loss against Israel in the Six-Day War of 1967 killed any remaining hopes, weakened since the early 1960s, that Arab armies would liberate Palestine, Fatah grew in strength. In 1969, it took command of the PLO. The latter had been founded in 1964 for several reasons. Nasser hoped to weaken Fatah and Syria, a state then in competition with him. Also, the PLO served (upper) middle class Palestinians some of whom—like Ahmad al-Shuqayri (1908-1908), Palestine’s representative to the Arab League and the PLO’s founder and first chairman—had played a Palestinian political role until 1948 and wished to do so again. And these men and women believed Palestinians needed their own statist entity, as Yezid Sayigh’s monumental Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949-1993 (1997) notes.

In 1965, PLO delegates led by Shuqayri for the first time visited the People’s Republic of China (PRC), as reported in the English issue of the multi-language international organ Peking Review. Already in 1964 a small Fatah delegation led by Yassir Arafat (1929-2004) had accepted an invitation to visit Beijing, founding an office there. Sure, upon its establishment in 1949 the PRC had de jure recognized Israel, following the lead of the Soviet Union that acted as its older brother in the communist camp. (Israel in turn was the first Middle Eastern state to recognize the PRC, in 1950.) But after the PRC and the USSR split in 1960, Beijing amplified its anti-imperialist rhetoric and policies versus the Soviet Union and the United States, as Gregg Brazinksy’s Winning the Third World: Sino-American Rivalry during the Cold War (2017) has shown. It was in this context that it from the mid-1960s delivered arms especially to Fatah and the PLO—it soon also would train fighters—and that it politically embraced the Palestinian cause. The PRC framed this policy as that of one “revolutionary people” helping another one, a story strand in Paul Chamberlin’s The Global Offensive: The United States, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the Making of the Post-Cold War Order (2012). By the early 1970s, however, Chinese support became more lukewarm. Moreover, after the death of Chairman Mao Zedong (1893-1976), relations with Israel cautiously warmed, though remaining surreptitious until the establishment of full diplomatic ties in 1992.

October 2, 1963

Conversation of Comrade Mao Zedong with Delegation of the People’s Army of Albania Haded by Comrade Beqir Balluku (2 October 1963)

Beqir Balluku holds a discussion with Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, and Luo Ruiqing. The Chinese side reviews their country's revolutionary history and many years of struggle against the Kuomintang.

January 30, 1956

Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1956, No. 04 (Overall Issue No. 30)

This issue covers the Sino-American ambassadorial talks. It also discusses the employment of People's Liberation Army soldiers once they are discharged. Other sections address propaganda for miners and workers during the Spring Festival and formatting documents for the State Council.

September 25, 1955

Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1955, No. 16 (Overall Issue No. 19)

This issue includes reports about wages for government staff and employment for People's Liberation Army soldiers once they leave active duty. It also features a statement from the Chinese and American ambassadors about the repatriation of citizens held in either country. Other sections cover topics such as the administration of local People's Broadcasting Stations, the administration of railways, and plans to improve physical education in primary and secondary schools.

October 13, 1958

Orders from [PRC] Minister of Defense [Peng Dehuai] to Halt the Bombardment of Kinmen for Another Two Weeks

The PRC Minister of Defense writes to members of the People's Liberation Army in Fujian province during the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis, calling for them to stop shelling Kinmen and observe the situation. He argues that the United States should not interfere in China's Civil War.

Pagination