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The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

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Aerial view of National Mall

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

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Berlin Wall 1986

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Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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Germany (East). Ministry for State Security (Stasi)

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Berlin Wall between Mitte and Kreuzberg

Berlin Wall

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

Erich Honecker, 1976.

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul

1912 - 1994

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894 - 1971

Walter Ulbricht

Ulbricht, Walter

1883 - 1973

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March 11, 1953	Memorandum of Discussion at the 136th Meeting of the National Security Council The US National Security Council discusses the effect that Stalin’s death had on Soviet policy and on Communist Parties outside of the USSR, as well as the opportunity it provided the US to use Stalin’s death in a psychological strategy to influence the Soviets. The Council also discusses the possibility of negotiations for a settlement with the Soviets in Korea.
March 18, 1953	Draft Instructions for General Vasilii Chuikov and Vladimir Semyonov regarding GDR Control of Borders Draft instructions of the Soviet leadership to its representatives in East Germany, advising that the SED requests for East German control of the border with West Germany are "unacceptable and grossly simplistic."
April 18, 1953	Memorandum from Ivan Turginov, 'On the Western Powers’ Policy regarding the German Question' Ivan Turginov reports on the policies of the Western powers on the German Question. Special emphasis is given to the public opinion in western countries with regard to Western and Soviet policies towards occupied Germany.
April 18, 1953	Memorandum on the German Question, from Georgi Pushkin and Mikhail Gribanov to Vyacheslav Molotov Memorandum summarizing the state of discussions between the Soviet Union and the Western powers on various issues regarding Germany, including political, economic and unification issues.
April 28, 1953	Soviet Foreign Ministry Memorandum, 'Regarding Further Measures of the Soviet Government on the German Question' Memorandum on further issues regarding the German Question. The memorandum discusses further actions to be taken by the Soviet leadership in order to respond to developments in the Western controlled sectors of Germany and to increase Soviet influence with the German people.
May 2, 1953	Memorandum from Vladimir Semyonov to Vyacheslav Molotov Evaluating the Prospects for a Successful Resolution of the German Question Memorandum to Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov on German reunification. The memorandum reviews the developments following the East German proposal of an "all German" conference and the Soviet proposal for a German peace treaty.
May 8, 1953	USSR Foreign Ministry Draft Memorandum, 'On Further Soviet Government Measures Pertaining to the German Question' Memorandum from the Soviet Foreign Affairs Ministry on Soviet foreign policy options with regard to the German Question. The memorandum looks at the effects on Soviet policy toward the western powers in the context of the Postdam conference and at the future state of the Soviet-East German relations.
May 15, 1953	Memorandum from the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs to Vladimir Semyonov, 'On the Question of Preventing the Defection of Inhabitants from the GDR to West Germany' The large-scale migration of GDR’s population to West Germany is becoming a major issue in Germany. The SCC in Germany, the SED, and GDR government discuss and outline measures for preventing this defection in the future.
May 18, 1953	Memorandum from General Vasilii Chuikov, Pavel Yudin, and Ivan Il'ichev to Georgii Malenkov Critically Assessing the Situation in the GDR The Soviet Control Commission in Germany reports statistics and a detailed assessment to Malenkov, analyzing the migration of the East German population to West Germany. It also includes proposals for implementing measures to prevent further departure from the GDR.
May 29, 1953	CIA Report Evaluating Vladimir Semyonov’s Appointment as Soviet High Commissioner for Germany A CIA report presents an analysis of the dissolution of the Soviet Control Commission (SCC) and the return of V.S. Semyonov to Germany as the Soviet High Commissioner for Germany.

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United States. Central Intelligence Agency 64

Germany (East). Ministry for State Security (Stasi) 50

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich 42

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul 41

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich 19

Soviet Union 265

West Germany 227

United States 130

East German Uprising 85

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe 52

End of the Cold War 52

China-Europe Relations 43