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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

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East Asia

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North America

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

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Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

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Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

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Eastern Europe

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A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879 - 1953

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

Nikita Khrushchev Collection

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894 - 1971

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898 - 1976

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July 13, 1950	Ciphered Telegram No. 37219 from Feng Xi [Stalin] to Shtykov Telegram from Stalin to North Korea advising that they reply to UN Secretary General Trygve Lie's concerns for treatment of POW's through a radio broadcast by a POW saying that prisoners are being treated well by the KPA.
July 25, 1950	Ciphered Telegram No. 13645 from Vyshinsky to Roschin Telegram relaying message from Stalin to Mao and Zhou Enlai agreeing with proposal to train Chinese pilots on Soviet jet planes.
June 2007	Practicing Psychiatry for Political Purposes. Folder 28. The Chekist Anthology. According to Mitrokhin, psychiatry was used against people who promoted anti-socialist ideology. Mitrokhin provides the cases of Eugene Nikolaev and Vladimir Borisov who were forced to stay in psychiatric hospitals for their “incorrect political beliefs.” Nikolaev later wrote a book "The Betrayal of Hippocrates" where he described all of the methods used by doctors to change his views opposing the Soviet system. Mitrokhin reports that in 1975 the KGB became aware of the negative stands of the West on dissidents’ psychiatric treatment in the Soviet Union. They stated that Soviet policies neglected human rights. In December of the same year, the KGB prepared a plan, a copy of which is provided by Mitrokhin in the note, to eliminate the anti-soviet campaign that discredited the practice of psychiatry for political purposes. The KGB’s goal was to create the illusion that psychiatry was only used for legitimate medical reasons. The KGB officials started intensively expanding relations between foreign and Soviet doctors, organized numerous conferences and symposiums, and created an exchange program for neurologists in order to reach their goal. “Professor,” a trusted agent of the KGB, was ordered to collect materials about the abuse of psychiatry in capitalistic countries.
June 2007	The KGB vs. Vatican City. Folder 29. The Chekist Anthology. In this entry Mitrokhin describes the history of chilly diplomatic relations between the KGB and Vatican City from the 1960s through the mid 1980s.
June 2007	The Campaign against Soviet Economic Policy. Folder 31. The Chekist Anthology Mitrokhin states that in 1978 the West attempted to gain influence over Soviet fiscal policy because the U.S.S.R. was in opposition to the Helsinki Accords. Soviet officials ensured the Soviet public that any attempts by the West to change the socialist system in the country would not affect domestic politics in any way. However, it would negatively affect the development of relations between the West and the East and would damage international economic and trade cooperation. According to Mitrokhin, the Soviet administration was especially concerned with Carter’s efforts to end any kind of collaboration with the Soviet Union. Mitrokhin provides a detailed plan prepared by Soviet officials to stop the anti-socialist campaign in the West that was led by the Carter administration.
June 2007	An Illegal Trainer (KGB history of agent "Halef"). Folder 60. The Chekist Anthology. Describes training techniques used by the KGB in logistical preparation of their operatives for assignments abroad. This article focuses on the employment history of the KGB agent codenamed “Halef.” Between 1955 and 1967, Halef was stationed in Hong Kong and Tokyo. In 1967, due to his insignificant feedback and a weak performance as a field operative, Halef was transferred back as a trainer. As a trainer, Halef traveled extensively. While in the United States, the KGB developed a fictitious identity for Halef – a so-called legend-biography – in case his activity aroused suspicion and he were detained by authorities. In the United States, France and Mexico, Halef’s objectives included developing and testing means of communication with the KGB, which could be used to inform the KGB of an operative’s arrival to and departure from a country, request a meeting, or announce an emergency. In addition to assessing the existing signal language used among operatives, the KGB also instructed Halef to collect the data necessary to set up new surveillance locations in a number of countries. In 1977, Halef was performing assignments in Pakistan and Burma. In 1978, he and his wife were engaged in assignments throughout the USSR. From the USSR, they were relocated to the GDR and then to Bulgaria, where they boarded a cruise ship going from Varny to Suhumi to survey the ports of the Black Sea basin. Traveling through Odessa, Halef photographed military vessels and observed the procedures of the border patrol and customs officers.
August 17, 1987	CPSU CC Report, 17 August 1987 Report from Y.D. Maslukov and N.M. Luzhin about the change of the order/succession of representation in the CPSU CC about war-technology cooperation with foreign countries. [Attached to CPSU Report, 15 January 1991].
November 19, 1951	VKP(b) CC Politburo decision with approved message Filippov (Stalin) to Mao Zedong Reply to Mao's inquiry of 14 November regarding stances to adopt in armistice negotiations.
March 19, 1970	Report from the Meeting of Seven Parties on the China Issue A review of the 10-12 March meeting during which the CC International Departments discussed the China issue. A great deal of time was spent discussing whether or not China was still a socialist country. A "Protocol Note" was unanimously adopted as a result of the meeting.
November 22, 1978	Meeting of the Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Treaty Member Countries Meeting minutes taken by Romanian Ambassador Vasile Sandru at sessions of the Warsaw Treaty Political Consultative Committee, taking place in Moscow on 22-23 November 1978. Session I contains a speech by Leonid Brezhnev in which he discusses détente, Warsaw Pact economic cooperation, disarmament, national liberation movements, and relations with China, the Western countries, and Japan. In Session II and III political leaders of the other Warsaw member countries respond to Brezhnev’s speech. Session IV features a report by Commander-in-Chief Viktor Kulikov on the United Armed Forces. He recommends an increase in military expenditures. All of the leaders agree, except for Nicolae Ceausescu of Romania.

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Nikita Khrushchev Collection 159