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Eastern Europe

Romania

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

Nicolae Ceausescu, 1974

Ceaușescu, Nicolae

1918 - 1989

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

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Popa, N.

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Photograph of the USS Pueblo (AGER-2)

USS Pueblo Crisis

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

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Moldova. Communist Party. Central Committee (MCP CC)

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Marshall, George C. (George Catlett)

1880 - 1959

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Documents

September 9, 1969	Letter from General Ion Gheorghe to Nicolae Ceausescu General Gheorghe is writing to inform Cheausescu of staff talks he had in Moscow regarding upcoming maneuvers to be held in Romania. He recommends that they be rescheduled to 1970.
March 1, 1970	Letter from General Ion Ionita to Nicolae Ceausescu General Ionita is writing to Ceausescu to inform him of staff talks he had in Moscow in regards to upcoming Warsaw Pact maneuvers to be held in Romania.
January 20, 1965	Minutes of the Meeting of the Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Pact Member States, Warsaw (Excerpts) Minutes of discussions of the Warsaw Pact Political Consultative Committee concerning non-proliferation. The Romanian delegation argues against a joint declaration of the Warsaw Pact on non-proliferation for fear that it might be used against China. The other delegations argue that a joint declaration is necessary in order to prevent the creation of the Multilaterall Nuclear Force proposed by NATO.
January 20, 1980	'Some Ideas About Foreign Policy Results of the 1970s (Points)' of Academician O. Bogomolov of the Institute of the Economy of the World Socialist System sent to the CC CPSU and the KGB Summary of the affects of Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan.
November 27, 1956	Working Notes from the Session of the CPSU CC Presidium on 27 November 1956 (Re: Protocol No. 60) These notes (part of the Malin Collection) describe Romanian leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej’s decision to negotiate with Yugoslavia regarding the fate of Imre Nagy after his arrest and transfer to Romania. The notes state that negotiations are inadvisable and remain the responsibility of Hungary. A second section of the document refers to instructions to the KGB for discrediting Nagy.
January 18, 1965	Memorandum of Discussions between Romanian Worker’s Party leadership and Polish United Worker’s Party leadership The talks focus on several issues: namely the Multinational Nuclear Forces, Warsaw Pact relations with Albania, and the People's Republic of China. Gomulka and Dej also discuss the idea of convening a conference of Communist and Worker’s parties.
June 20, 1967	The Romanian Trade Deficit with the Federal Republic of Germany. Summary from the West German newspaper Handelsblatt (05/22/1967), forwarded to Nicolae Ceausescu, Secretary General CC RCP by Manea Manescu, Vice-President of the Council of Ministers. Summary of a newspaper article from the West German Newspaper Handelsblatt dated 5.22.1967 discussing trends of Romanian-West German trade. Romania's growing balance of trade deficit, the newspaper concludes, will continue to grow, forcing the Romanians to drastically cut imports at a later point. The summary was forwarded by Manea Manescu, Vice-President of the Council of Ministers to Nicolae Ceausescu, Secretary General, CC RCP on 6.22.1967
May 22, 1968	KGB Border Report to P. Shelest Report on lax border controls between Warsaw Pact nations and the Western District, USSR.
November 4, 1956	Stenographic record of a 4 November 1956 meeting of Party activists Khrushchev describes the events of the counterrevolution in Hungary and the crisis in Poland. He recounts the CPSU's consultations with other communist parties in the socialist camp to determine their attitude toward Soviet intervention, particularly in Hungary. Leaders from China, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Yugoslavia agreed with the Soviet position, but Polish leaders opposed the presence of Soviet troops in Hungary. Khrushchev reports that following these meetings, the CPSU CC Presidium decided to prepare for an attack on the counterrevolutionary forces in Hungary. He then reads aloud an open letter which declares the Hungarian Revolutionary Workers and Peasants Government. He gives details about the suppression of the counterrevolution by Soviet armed forces and the positive reaction of the socialist countries. He states that the lessons of the counterrevolution are to improve relations with the fraternal parties and the socialist countries and to treat them with respect; to improve political work among students and the masses so that they are not mislead by counterrevolutionaries; and to strengthen the Soviet Army.
December 19, 1979	Letter by the Chairman of the SPD, Brandt, to President of Romania, Ceausescu A letter from Willy Brandt to Nicolae Ceausescu. He offers congratulations for Ceausescu's recent reelection and addresses the topic of arms control.

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Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984 44

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe 39

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