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Chernobyl nuclear accident

Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, 1986

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Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

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Boris Yeltsin at the United Nations, October 1995

Yeltsin, Boris

1931 - 2007

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Kravchuk, Leonid Makarovych

1934 - 2022

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Mitrokhin, Vasili

1922 - 2004

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United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

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Zlenko, Anatoliy Maksymovych

1938 - 2021

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Documents

February 5, 1954	Decree of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Council of Ministers, 'Concerning the Transfer of the Crimean Oblast' from the RSFSR to the UkSSR' Decree announcing the transfer of Crimea from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (here abbreviated USSR).
1963	KGB Handbook, 'Ukrainian Bourgeois Nationalists' (excerpt) KGB handbook describing techniques for identifying, monitoring, and combating anti-Soviet nationalists movements in Ukraine.
March 24, 1945	Record of Conversation Between V. M. Molotov and President of Czechoslovakia E. Beneš Molotov and President Beneš discuss the transfer of control of Trans-Carpathian Ukraine to the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia's need for economic assistance.
January 24, 1967	Statement, Permanent Mission of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic to the United Nations to His Excellency U Thant Permanent Mission of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic sends U Thant a statement on the issue of 1966 budget to the United Nations.
July 22, 1968	Memorandum from P. Shelest to CPSU CC, On Czechoslovak Delegation's Visit to Ukraine First Secretary of the Ukrainian Communist Party, Petro Shelest, reports on the visit of a delegation from Czechslovakia to Chernihiv oblast in northern Ukraine. During the visit, delegation members and Ukrainian officials argue about the Prague Spring and whether the democratization process at work was a positive force or a threat allowing anti-socialist elements an active role in Czechslovak society.
June 9, 1952	State Department and Office of Policy Coordination Discussion of Radio Liberty State Department and Office of Policy Coordination officials discuss differences among émigré groups and hostility of the exile Ukrainian Congress to the American Committee for Liberation.
July 18, 1947	Chart of Distribution of Persons Resettled in Akcja Wisla [Vistula Operation] from the Beginning to 18 July 1947 to Olsztyn Voivodeship Information is given on the resettlement of Ukrainians and Lemkos from along the southern and eastern borders of Poland to Olsztyn voivodeship.
June 2007	KGB Practices. Folder 70. The Chekist Anthology. This entry contains brief descriptions of a variety of KGB operations carried out between the early 1960’s and late 1970’s, and provides a sampling of the kinds of operations that were common in that era. Operation “Grom” [“Thunder”] involved fabricating a US State Department memo on Soviet citizens’ inclination towards treason. The memo discussed ways in which the US could exploit this tendency to its advantage. It was published on the front page of the British newspaper “Daily Express.” A pamphlet created by the KGB and attributed to the terrorist organization ‘BAS’ (South Tyrolean Liberation Committee) was introduced as evidence in the trial of BAS leader Norbert Burger in Austria. In July 1976 the KGB residency in Singapore spied on Chess Grandmaster Boris Spassky during his visit to Singapore, and noted in its report that he spent much of his free time on the tennis court. The KGB created and disseminated a letter, ostensibly from nationalist Ukrainian emigrants, protesting the French government’s cooperation with Zionists, and threatening reprisals against French Zionists. The KGB residency in Austria organized operation “Bonga” [“Bigwig”] in which forged letters from Chairman Mao were produced. These letters indicated that Mao himself had essentially organized the opposition to Hua Guofeng’s reforms, and that Hua might lead China to a revisionist course. In March 1977, the newspaper of the Austrian Communist Party printed a translation of a secret Chilean document in which the Chilean secret police asked Gen. Augusto Pinochet for additional funds to carry out undercover operations abroad. Pinochet’s reply contained a harsh rebuke for the request, and a strong admonishment against engaging in clandestine operations abroad. Mitrokhin did not mention where the document came from, nor did he state whether it was authentic or a forgery.
June 2007	Operation "LES" (The Forest). The 1940-50 MGB Operation Against Moldavian "Freedom Party." Folder 8. The Chekist Anthology. In the post-WWII period there were approximately 30 active anti-Soviet organizations in Moldova. Operation “LES” aimed at the elimination of the “Freedom Party” that existed from 1949 until 1950. “Freedom Party” was established in May 1949 by brothers Istratiy and Viktor Andreev. It was divided into separate cells of five members. Each member created their own cell, and each cell had its own leader. The organization networked with nationalist groups throughout Moldova and western Ukraine, where it often purchased ammunition and enlisted nationalist-minded partisans. According to its charter, the core function of the “Freedom Party” was to restore people’s freedom and guarantee the return of monarchy. By 1950, the operation “LES” involved more than 20 KGB agents. Agents “Moriak,” (Sailor) “Busuioc,” (Basil) and “Vernyj” (Trustworthy) were among the KGB’s main informants. At the time of their arrest on 5 June 1950, the anti-Soviet formation “Freedom Party” had 33 members.
June 2007	The Vernii (Devoted) Case. Folder 92. The Chekist Anthology. In this entry, Mitrokhin draws upon KGB files to describe Ivan Illarionovich Ortinskii-“Vernii” (b. 1922), a native of the Lvov region, Ukraine. A priest in a Greco-Catholic church, Vernii pursued his religious studies at the Vatican and lectured at a seminary in Rome in 1964. Beginning in 1973, Vernii lived in Ingolstadt, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). According to the entry, the KGB established contact with Vernii when the latter visited his parents and kin in Lvov in 1968. In 1971, Vernii was recruited as an agent by the KGB branch of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Between 1971 and 1974, collaboration between Vernii and the KGB took place within the territory of the Ukrainian SSR. As an agent, Vernii provided the KGB with information regarding his church, and the leadership of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN). Mitrokhin’s summary of KGB documents indicates that Vernii transmitted information to the KGB through his sister, Ukrainian SSR agent “Chestnaya” (born Ortinskaya). Mitrokhin concludes the entry by stating that in 1978, Vernii informed the KGB from Vienna that he would no longer work as an agent, since he had aroused much suspicion within the Greco-Catholic Church.