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1904

Sadik el-Mu’ayyad Azmzade, 'The Abyssinian Voyage'

Sadik al-Mu’ayyad Azmzade’s The Abyssinian Voyage offers a detailed account of his 1904 diplomatic mission from Istanbul to Addis Ababa, blending ethnographic observation, geopolitical analysis, and personal reflection. Azmzade documents his encounters with Ottoman migrants, European officials, and local populations across the Red Sea and Horn of Africa, revealing both the ambitions and contradictions of late Ottoman imperialism.

February 14, 1961

Record of Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and the Turkish Ambassador Fahri Korutürk

Khrushchev shares details of recent Soviet economic achievements and discusses the possibility of a joint Soviet-Turkish dam project on the Aras River, which the Turkish ambassador, Fahri Korutürk, agrees to consider. Khrushchev expresses interest in improving bilateral relations, referencing historical cooperation, while briefly noting Turkey’s ties to NATO—a topic the ambassador chooses not to pursue.

October 2, 1960

Transcript of the Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkey, S. Sarper

On October 2, 1960, Nikita Khrushchev met with Turkish Foreign Minister Selim Sarper in New York to discuss bilateral relations, disarmament, and the global political climate. Sarper conveyed greetings from General Gürsel and emphasized Turkey’s desire for good-neighborly relations based on realism and stability. Khrushchev criticized the presence of foreign military bases in Turkey, arguing they pose risks to Turkey without enhancing security, and suggested a neutral, cooperative stance for Turkey in the Black Sea region. Both leaders discussed challenges in improving Soviet-American relations and the broader Cold War context, including the recent U-2 incident. Sarper acknowledged Turkey’s economic difficulties and expressed optimism about gradual improvements in Soviet-Turkish relations. The conversation concluded with mutual agreement on the importance of diplomatic patience and fostering personal connections between leaders to achieve peace and stability.

This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.

1904

Letter from Rostom [Stepan Zorian] to Samson [Tadeosian]

An undated letter, probably produced in 1904 or 1905, handwritten in Eastern Armenian by Rostom, a co-founder of the the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF), and addressed to Samson (Tadeosian), an ARF activist in Salmas in Iran’s Azerbaijan Province and participant in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution.

March 1905

Ahmed Rıza, 'Japanese Lessons'

Written by Young Turk political activist, Ottoman exile in Europe, avowed Positivist, and eventually first President of the Ottoman Chamber of Deputies after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, Ahmed Rıza (b.1858-d.1930).the author argues that Japan had acquired Great Power status and actually surpassed European civilization by modernizing while preserving their cultural essence, which he called “yellow civilization,” as a twist on the West’s racist fears of “Yellow Peril” in the early 20th century.

March 1904

Love of Country is a Source of Security and the Japan-Russia Campaign

From the official Ottoman Turkish newspaper of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), Şûra-yı Ümmet, the author of this article blamed the Ottoman Sultan for endangering the Empire by traitorously suppressing Ottoman patriotism, which was a subtle critique of the Sultan’s oppressive policy of exile and/or execution of dissidents. The author contrasted this with the Japanese people’s dedicated love of homeland. 

October 4, 1990

Cable No. 1190 from Ambassador Nonoyama Tadayuki (Jordan) to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 'Prime Minister Kaifu’s Visit to Jordan (Meeting with the Crown Prince)'

Summary of Japanese Prime Minister Kaifu's meeting with Jordanian Crown Prince Hassan following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. During the discussion, the Crown Prince expresses the economic and political difficulties Jordan has faced following the invasion and enactment of sanctions against Iraq. In addition to asking for Japanese economic investment, he provides a description of Saddam Hussein's mindset.

October 5, 1990

Cable No. 994 from Ambassador Sengoku Takashi (Turkey) to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 'The Prime Minister’s Visit to Turkey (Meeting with Prime Minister Akbulut)'

Summary of Japanese Prime Minister Kaifu's meeting with Turkish Prime Minister Akbulut following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. The two discuss the economic impact of the war on Turkey and Japan's plans to provide aid to the region.

October 6, 1990

Cable No. 998 from Ambassador Sengoku Takashi (Turkey) to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 'Prime Minister Kaifu’s Visit to the Middle East (Meeting With Prime Minister Akbulut, Press Briefing)'

Press briefing on Japanese Prime Minister Kaifu's meeting with Turkish Prime Minister Akbulut following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.

October 7, 1990

Cable No. 451 from Counselor Wanibuchi Kazuo (Saudi Arabia) to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 'The Prime Minister’s Visit to Turkey (Meeting With President Ozal)'

Summary of Japanese Prime Minsiter Kaifu's meeting with Turkish President Ozal. Kaifu describes his conversation with Iraqi First Deputy Prime Minister Ramadan and Ozal calls for a firm response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.

Pagination