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Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

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Western Europe

France

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Nuclear Proliferation

Sino-Soviet Relations

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

United States. Department of State

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Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

1923 -

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

Richard Nixon

Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous)

1913 - 1994

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898 - 1976

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December 21, 1951	George Kennan’s Views on Radio Liberty Office of Policy Coordination officers visit Princeton to solicit George Kennan’s views on Radio Liberty broadcasting
November 20, 1951	CIA-State Department “Summit” Limits Scope of Radio Free Europe Assistant Secretary of State Edward Barrett reviews Free Europe Committee plans with Allen Dulles and other officials. The State Department vetoes startup of Radio Free Europe Baltic broadcasting on grounds that it would duplicate Voice of America broadcasts and insists that the Crusade for Freedom be toned down. Dulles subsequently rejects the latter point in a handwritten annotation.
September 6, 1951	CIA-State Department Reservations about Broadcasting to the Soviet Union Senior CIA and State Department officials review the August 21 OPC memorandum ["Office of Policy Coordination History of American Committee for Liberation"]. The State Department officials question whether disparate Russian émigré groups can cooperate enough to organize broadcasting to the USSR, while CIA director Walter Bedell Smith questions the cost of the project.
May 21, 1965	Politburo Talk by Zhou Enlai on Receiving a Group of Central Military Commission Operational Meeting Comrades Speaking at the Politburo, Zhou Enlai explains how nuclear weapons capabilities have won China newfound admiration in the non-aligned world and instilled fear in the other nuclear powers, particularly the United States and Soviet Union.
August 27, 1951	Office of Policy Coordination Memorandum on Russian Emigration OPC provides the State Department with a positive progress report on efforts to unify the Russian emigration and organize broadcasting to the USSR.
August 25, 1951	Radio Liberty Objectives Outlined An Office of Policy Coordination officer explains Radio Liberty aims and objectives as involving “Russians speaking to Russians through an organization made up of the peoples of Russia.”
November 3, 1964	Record of Zhou Enlai’s Discussion with British Minister President of the Board of Trade Douglas Jay Having successfully executed a nuclear test explosion, Zhou Enlai describes the Chinese government’s motivation for pursuing atomic weapons capabilities. Zhou argues that the Three-Nation Treaty (Limited Test Ban Treaty) is insufficient, that the United States remains committed to nuclear proliferation despite the agreement, and that China seeks to end the monopoly that other nuclear powers have thus far exploited. Zhou also calls for the organization of a global, truly equal summit at which to discuss the issue of nuclear weapons testing and proliferation.
September 5, 1963	Zhou Enlai’s Discussion with a Kenyan African National Federation Delegation (Excerpt) Zhou Enlai criticizes the Three-Nation Treaty (Limited Test Ban Treaty) of 1963, arguing that it signifies an attempt by the US, UK, and USSR to monopolize nuclear weapons. Enlai warns that the agreement will allow larger nuclear countries to commit “nuclear blackmail” against smaller, non-nuclear countries.
August 21, 1951	Office of Policy Coordination History of American Committee for Liberation Frank Wisner reviews the origins of the Soviet émigré project. He considers AMCOMLIB to be a cover organization without independent authority, notes the difficulty of uniting Soviet émigré groups, yet assumes that an émigré “political center” can organize publishing and broadcasting for the Soviet Union.
January 11, 1951	Radio Free Europe Budget Increase Approved Allen Dulles (who has joined CIA as Deputy Director for Plans) informs Frank Wisner that CIA has approved RFE’s capital budget for new transmitters.

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United States. Central Intelligence Agency 106

United States. Department of State 96

Kissinger, Henry 78

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich 73

Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous) 70

Soviet Union 1146

Cuban Missile Crisis 284

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty 224

Nuclear Proliferation 122

Sino-Soviet Relations 117

United States-Soviet Relations 101