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North America

Canada

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Western Europe

Great Britain

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Western Europe

France

Nuclear Proliferation

Indian Nuclear History

Handshake between Zhao Ziyang, on the right, and Etienne Davignon

China-Western Europe Relations

Group photo from the Arms Control and Regional Security Working Group Operational Basket Meeting, Antalya, Turkey, April 4-6, 1995.

ACRS Oral History Project

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

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James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS)

1989 -

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Pomper, Miles

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Conversations with Zhou Enlai

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

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United States. Embassy (Canada)

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United States. Department of State. Bureau of Intelligence and Research

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Vest, George

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October 19, 1972	Telegram from the Romanian Embassy in Vienna to Deputy Minister Nicolae Ecobescu and Vice President of the State Committee for Nuclear Energy Ion Udrea The IAEA will carry out an inspection in Taiwan at the request of Canada, which is supplying a research reactor to Taiwan.
February 27, 1986	Brussels to Department of External Affairs (Canada), 'Zero Option and the Europeans' Canadian officials warned of disagreement to come between the Europeans and the Americans over the “zero option,” the longstanding proposal to reduce both US and Soviet INF to zero. This dispatch from Brussels reported “substantial unhappiness” amongst the Europeans that the United States and the Soviet Union would discuss disarmament “even if neither of them believed in it.” Nuclear deterrence had prevented war in Europe for the preceding four decades, and US-Soviet discussions of disarmament only made it even more difficult to convince public opinion of deterrence’s continued importance
February 19, 1986	Brussels–NATO (BNATO) to Department of External Affairs (Canada), 'Alliance Problems Over INF' In a flurry of cables from February 1986, Canadian assessments focused on a chronic issue within NATO: consultation within the alliance. As this dispatch from Brussels concluded, paraphrasing Winston Churchill, “NATO nuclear collective consultation is the worst form, except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time.”
February 17, 1986	Washington, DC to Department of External Affairs (Canada), 'Alliance Problems Over INF' In a flurry of cables from February 1986, Canadian assessments focused on a chronic issue within NATO: in consultation within the alliance. The Special Consultative Group was used as a forum to “air views of allies,” hold briefings on the current state of negotiations, and to share a new negotiating position right before it was tabled. Canadian officials also warned of disagreement to come between the Europeans and the Americans over the “zero option,” the longstanding proposal to reduce both US and Soviet INF to zero.
October 16, 1945	TASS Digest Distributed to Cde. I.V. Stalin and Cde. C.M. Molotov, 'The Anti-Soviet Fabrications of a Mexican Newspaper; Etc.' Summary of news reports from Mexico, Sweden, Canada, and Great Britain, most on Stalin's alleged illness.
March 3, 1967	Research Memorandum REU-14 from Thomas L. Hughes to the Secretary, 'How Major NATO Countries View the Prospect of an ABM Deployment' Despite new information that the Soviet Union was deploying anti-ballistic missile defenses around Moscow, the United States had not yet decided to deploy its own ABM defenses (although a decision would be made later in the year) and there was some hope that U.S.-Soviet talks would prevent an ABM race. If, however, talks failed, some NATO allies worried about the “adverse consequences” of an ABM race, especially whether having an ABM system might incline Washington toward risk taking.
July 15, 1965	Research Memorandum REU-25 from Thomas L. Hughes to the Secretary, 'Attitudes of Selected Countries on Accession to a Soviet Co-sponsored Draft Agreement on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons' With a nuclear nonproliferation treaty under consideration in Washington, INR considered which countries were likely to sign on and why or why not. INR analysts, mistakenly as it turned out, believed it unlikely that the Soviet Union would be a co-sponsor of a treaty in part because of the “international climate” and also because Moscow and Washington differed on whether a treaty would recognize a “group capability.”
June 5, 1944	Letter to J. Edgar Hoover on Mikhail Kalatozov A heavily redacted letter from Ottawa reporting on foreign contacts made by Soviet film director Mikhail Kalatozov in Canada and Mexico.
October 13, 1973	Verbatim Transcript of the Fourth Meeting between Prime Minister Trudeau and Premier Zhou Enlai In their final talk, Trudeau and Zhou Enlai discuss Sino-Canadian trade, the Cultural Revolution, and the status of Chinese in Canada.
October 12, 1973	Verbatim Transcript of the Third Meeting between Prime Minister Trudeau and Premier Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai and Trudeau have a wideranging conversation on international politics, covering the Vietnam War, Sino-Japanese relations, Nixon's visit to China, the Arab-Israeli conflict, the Arctic circle, and nuclear energy safeguards, among other topics.