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Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

Interkit, 1966-1987

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

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Eastern Europe

Albania

Sino-Soviet Border Conflict, 1969

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

Photograph fo Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing

China. Foreign Ministry

1949 -

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China. Embassy (Soviet Union)

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Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894 - 1971

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898 - 1976

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Germany (East). Embassy (China)

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Documents

January 25, 1960	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1960, No. 3 (Overall Issue No. 197) Reports on the economic achievements of 1959, support for Soviet proposals on disarmament, a visit to China by an East German delegation, and the establishment of a new agency for foreign economic cooperation, reflecting China's focus on economic and international collaboration. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
November 24, 1962	Record of Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and Ambassador of India T. Kaul Khrushchev and Indian Ambassador T. N. Kaul met again to discuss the ongoing Sino-Indian conflict. Kaul reiterated India’s request for Soviet military support, emphasizing the threat posed by China despite the recent Chinese ceasefire proposal. Khrushchev reaffirmed the Soviet Union’s commitment to a peaceful resolution and warned against escalating militarization but confirmed that the USSR would proceed with the planned construction of an aircraft plant in India and the delivery of MiG-21 aircraft. The conversation also addressed Soviet-Chinese relations, with Khrushchev denying any military aid to China and expressing regret over the conflict between two countries friendly to the USSR. Both sides agreed on the importance of negotiations while acknowledging ongoing challenges to achieving a lasting settlement.
August 1961	Record of Conversations between Cde. N. S. Khrushchev, First Secretary of the CPSU CC, and Ho Chi Minh, Chairman of the CC of the VWP Khrushchev and Ho Chi Minh discuss global tensions around imperialism, nuclear disarmament, and peace talks over Germany. They review worsening Soviet relations with Albania and China, as Albania aligns with Beijing and Western powers. The leaders also address the conflicts in Laos and South Vietnam, balancing support for revolutionary forces with concerns over provoking US intervention.
July 3, 1961	Record of Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and Pham Van Dong Pham informs Khrushchev of the various independence movements in Asia, such as the politics of Laos, and in Vietnam. He then debriefs Khrushchev about the relations between Vietnamese intelligentsia and the Communist Party. With regards to Communists in China, the two parties discuss the failure of the communes project.
June 27, 1961	Record of Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and Prime Minister Pham Van Dong of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam Pham Van Dong thanks Khrushchev for the Soviet help to Vietnamese people. Khrushchev talks about politics around the world, particularly, in the socialist countries such as Albania and China. He claims that the relationship with China is improving. Khrushchev also mentions that he discussed Indian politics with Mao. He criticizes the politics of Stalin toward China.
December 20, 1982	Excerpts of Talks between Leading Comrades and Foreign Guests (No. 14) A summary of meetings held between Deng Xiaoping and Zhao Ziyang with Japanese counterparts concerning the United States, Taiwan, the Soviet Union, Libya, Chinese politics, and other subjects.
July 28, 1982	Excerpts of Talks between Leading Comrades and Foreign Guests (No. 7) A Chinese Communist Party digest of commentaries about Chinese foreign affairs and domestic politics made by Hu Yaobang, Zhao Ziyang, Deng Xiaoping, Zhang Wenjin, and Huang Hua to various foreign officials from the United States, the Philippines, and other countries.
November 26, 1982	Excerpts of Talks between Leading Comrades and Foreign Guests (Supplement No. 3) A Chinese Communist Party digest summarizing a recent meeting held between Deng Xiaoping and Pakistan's Zia-ul-Haq.
October 27, 1982	Excerpts of Talks between Leading Comrades and Foreign Guests (No. 11) A Chinese Communist Party digest summarizing recent meetings held between Deng Xiaoping, Hu Yaobang, and Zhao Ziyang and Japanese Prime Minister Zenko Suzuki.
September 19, 1969	Notes Kept during the Verbal Report given to the First Secretary of the CC of the PLA, Comrade Enver Hoxha, on 19 September 1969, by Comrade Rita Marko The Albanian Party leadership discusses recent meetings with the Chinese Communist Party, the state of Sino-Soviet relations, and the funeral of Ho Chi Minh.

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China. Foreign Ministry 34

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Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich 26

Soviet Union 347

United States 52

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 43

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984 396

Interkit, 1966-1987 75

China-Europe Relations 62

China-Eastern Europe Relations 54

Sino-Soviet Border Conflict, 1969 39