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Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984 Clear All

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Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Sino-Soviet Relations

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

Interkit, 1966-1987

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

Albania

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Photograph fo Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing

China. Foreign Ministry

1949 -

Sino-Soviet Border Conflict, 1969

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

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China. Embassy (Soviet Union)

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Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894 - 1971

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898 - 1976

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Germany (East). Embassy (China)

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Documents

September 4, 1969	Record of Meeting between Minister Aichi and Premier Kosygin Japanese Foreign Minister Aichi and Soviet Premier Kosygin discuss bilateral relations, disputed territories, the legacies of World War II, China, and the NPT.
September 18, 1964	Record of a Conversation between Cde. N.S. Khrushchev, Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers, and S. Radhakrishnan, President of India This document summarizes a 1964 conversation between Nikita Khrushchev and Indian President S. Radhakrishnan, covering topics such as agricultural innovation, economic development, and the ongoing Sino-Indian conflict. Khrushchev criticizes China's hostility toward India and mocks Mao Zedong's leadership, expressing frustration that China resented the Soviet Union's refusal to support them against India. The discussion reflects Soviet-Indian solidarity and Khrushchev's broader disapproval of Chinese foreign policy and internal governance.
September 18, 1964	Dictation of N.S. Khrushchev on the Draft Treaty with China on Resolving Border Disputes This document captures Khrushchev’s reflections on a draft border treaty with China, in which he responds to Chinese claims that Tsarist Russia unfairly seized territory. Khrushchev argues that both Russian tsars and Chinese emperors pursued expansionist, exploitative policies and suggests that current borders are inherited from those historical systems. He emphasizes the need to resolve disputes peacefully and pragmatically, focusing on mutual recognition, socialist solidarity, and the self-determination of local populations.
September 12, 1964	Record of a Conversation between Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers N.S. Khrushchev and President of India S. Radhakrishnan Khrushchev and Indian President Radhakrishnan discuss regional tensions, including cooperation with Nepal, the situation in Kashmir, and the spread of socialism in Southeast Asia. Radhakrishnan expresses concern over Chinese aggression and reaffirms India’s commitment to peaceful solutions. Khrushchev downplays China's influence, criticizing Mao Zedong’s leadership and emphasizing the unreliability of Chinese policy. Both leaders affirm the importance of continued Soviet-Indian cooperation amid regional challenges.
June 15, 1961	Record of a Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and President Sukarno Sukarno tells Khrushchev about his trip to China and the possibilities of Chinese annexation of Taiwan. Khrushchev says the USSR fully supports the PRC's actions. The parties also discuss the reorganization of the United Nations.
July 5, 1961	Record of a Conversation between N. S. Khrushchev and Chen Yi, Deputy Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China Chen asks Khrushchev to go over the pressing international issues and he presents the USSR's stances on the situation in Laos, South Korea, and Cuba. Khrushchev also raises problems in GDR and difficulties in negotiations with Western powers with regards to the German question. Khrushchev also mentions Soviet plans to launch a spaceship and resume nuclear testing. The two leaders also discuss the challenges of agricultural development.
September 7, 1963	Comments of N.S. Khrushchev (Concerning a Statement of China) Khrushchev criticizes the Soviet response to recent Chinese statements, arguing that it has devolved into unproductive personal attacks rather than principled debate. He accuses the Chinese leadership of distorting his words, spreading false claims of disrespect toward the Chinese people and other nations, and provoking unnecessary conflict. Emphasizing the need for a clear, consistent, and dignified defense of Soviet positions, Khrushchev warns that the dispute with China will be prolonged and urges a coordinated political strategy.
February 22, 1963	Comment of N. S. Khrushchev [on China's Publication of Khrushchev's Speech at the 6th SED Congress] On 25 February 1963, Khrushchev commented on China's publication of his speech at the 6th SED Congress, noting that Chinese leaders, including Mao Zedong, indicated a willingness to stop public criticism of the Soviet Union and discuss issues directly. Khrushchev observed that this shift reflected the success of the USSR’s restrained approach, emphasizing that it would be clear to other Communist parties that the Soviet Union was not responsible for the dispute.
May 15, 1964	Record of the Conversation from Chairman Mao’s Audience with the Albanian Women’s Delegation and Albanian Film Workers Mao and Vito Kapo discuss Sino-Albanian relations in the context of the anti-revisionist struggle against the Soviet Union.
February 23, 1963	[Mao Zedong's] Conversation with Soviet Ambassador [Stepan] Chervonenko Chervonenko unsuccessfully attempts to engage with Mao.

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Interkit, 1966-1987 74

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China-Eastern Europe Relations 62

Sino-Soviet Border Conflict, 1969 40