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Indian Nuclear History

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Anti-Nuclear Peace Movements

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Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND)

1957 -

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Italy. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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Michal Onderco

Onderco, Michal

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James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS)

1989 -

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International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN)

2007 -

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July 4, 1961	Summary of N.S. Khrushchev's Speech to Graduates of the USSR Defensive Forces Military Academy on the Question of Signing the Peace Agreement with the GDR Khrushchev addresses graduates of Soviet military academies, emphasizing the strength of the Soviet armed forces and the importance of peace through disarmament and diplomacy. He outlines the need to conclude a peace treaty with Germany to resolve lingering tensions from World War II, criticizing the resistance of West Germany under Chancellor Adenauer and warning against militarization and nuclear escalation. Khrushchev stresses that the Soviet Union seeks peaceful coexistence but will defend its sovereignty if necessary.
March 15, 2023	Interview with Bonnie Jenkins In this interview, Bonnie Jenkins recounts how she first became interested in nuclear weapons during an accidental meeting at the Pentagon, which sparked her career in international security. She discusses her transition from government roles to the Ford Foundation, where she focused on funding innovative voices in foreign policy and conflict resolution, as well as her involvement with WCAPS.
January 25, 1960	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1960, No. 3 (Overall Issue No. 197) Reports on the economic achievements of 1959, support for Soviet proposals on disarmament, a visit to China by an East German delegation, and the establishment of a new agency for foreign economic cooperation, reflecting China's focus on economic and international collaboration. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
May 7, 2024	Interview with Walusungu Mtonga Walusungu Mtonga, a Zambian medical doctor and IPPNW board member, advocates for nuclear disarmament by connecting local and global initiatives. Inspired by his late father’s work in disarmament, he emphasizes the need for grassroots education and incremental steps toward total elimination, such as promoting “no first use” policies. Mtonga highlights the challenges of engaging communities with immediate socioeconomic concerns and underscores the role of treaties like the TPNW in revitalizing global disarmament efforts. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
March 26, 2024	Interview with Victor Chelashow Victor Chelashow, a Kenyan physician and former IPPNW student representative, integrates public health with nuclear disarmament advocacy. He emphasizes the intersectionality of nuclear issues with climate change and social justice, tailoring messages to resonate with African audiences. Chelashow critiques the underrepresentation of Global South voices in nuclear debates and calls for inclusive language and platforms. His work focuses on education and universalizing the TPNW as steps toward stigmatizing and eventually eliminating nuclear weapons. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
May 21, 2024	Interview with Sarah Mabeza Sarah Mabeza, a regional legal adviser for the ICRC, combines her passion for African diplomacy with a focus on nuclear disarmament. She emphasizes Africa’s leadership in the TPNW process, attributing success to collaboration with think tanks and civil society organizations. Mabeza highlights South Africa’s moral authority and convening power as key factors in mobilizing the African bloc for disarmament. She underscores the importance of sustained engagement and education to amplify Africa’s role in global nuclear policy. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
February 22, 2024	Interview with Noël Stott Noël Stott, based in South Africa, is a seasoned expert in nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament. At VERTIC, he works on fostering African perspectives in global nuclear discourse, emphasizing the lack of organizations in Africa actively addressing WMD issues. Stott critiques the stagnation in disarmament since the Cold War and the failure to leverage moments of global cooperation. He calls for African states to pressurize nuclear powers to honor their NPT commitments, advocating for clear strategies to advance Article Six's disarmament provisions. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
April 4, 2024	Interview with Linnet Ng'ayu Linnet Ng’ayu, trained in law and sociology, worked with the African Council of Religious Leaders to promote nuclear disarmament through humanitarian advocacy. She collaborated with religious and grassroots leaders to build awareness and push for Africa’s participation in treaties like the TPNW. Ng’ayu highlights Africa's nuclear-free status under the Treaty of Pelindaba and the challenges of engaging governments often pressured by donor states. She advocates integrating disarmament efforts into broader peacebuilding initiatives while addressing pressing issues like small arms control. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
April 10, 2024	Interview with Kudakwashe Mapako Kudakwashe Mapako, a legal researcher specializing in international law, engages in nuclear security with a focus on Africa through the African Center for Science and International Security. His work highlights Africa’s strategic role in uranium trade and disarmament, advocating for African states to leverage their positions for policy influence. He critiques inequalities in global non-proliferation treaties, particularly the NPT, and underscores the need for inclusive diplomacy. Mapako also emphasizes educating African policymakers and citizens about nuclear issues as a step toward meaningful participation in global disarmament efforts. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
March 28, 2024	Interview with Ian Fleming Zhou Ian Fleming Zhou, a PhD candidate in international relations, focuses on nuclear diplomacy and non-proliferation. His interest began during his undergraduate studies, where his academic curiosity about foreign policy narrowed into nuclear negotiations, influenced by his mentor. Active in both academia and activism, he sees these roles as complementary, enhancing his ability to advocate for disarmament. Zhou critiques the current geopolitical climate, noting failures in arms control dialogue and the destabilizing effects of nuclear weapons, and calls for greater civil society involvement to pressure governments for policy change. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.

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Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) 36

Italy. Ministry of Foreign Affairs 26

Onderco, Michal 22

James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS) 17

International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) 16

Soviet Union 139

United States 137

Great Britain 67

Indian Nuclear History 64

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) 61

Archivio Andreotti's NATO Series 42

Civil Society and Nuclear Risk Reduction 41

Anti-Nuclear Peace Movements 40