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Western Europe

Italy

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

North Atlantic Council Meeting, Lisbon, June 1985

Archivio Andreotti's NATO Series

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Middle East

Turkey

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Western Europe

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United States. Embassy (Italy)

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Italy. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Photograph of Dean Rusk

Rusk, Dean

1909 - 1994

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Fanfani, Amintore

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Photograph of Robert McNamara

McNamara, Robert S.

1916 - 2009

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Handshake between Zhao Ziyang, on the right, and Etienne Davignon

China-Western Europe Relations

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United States. Department of State

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Euromissiles Crisis

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Documents

December 29, 1965	Memorandum by General Staff of Defense (SMD) to the Minister, 'Special Committee. Working group for the planning' The note outlines the Italian policy with regards to the activities of the Working group on planning, of which Italy is a part together with the US, the UK, Germany and Turkey.
December 29, 1965	Memorandum by General Staff of Defense (SMD) to the Minister, 'NATO's reorganization' The document outlines Italy's possible position - from the military point of view - for the probable forthcoming discussions related to NATO's reorganization, in the light of a likely French exit. Discusses the possible transfer of NATO headquarters, US military bases and facilities now deployed in France toward other NATO countries.
June 2, 1965	Memorandum by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'Atlantic Nuclear Committee' The note describes the proposal made by MacNamara as the most recent element of the US political-strategic thinking. The document explains MacNamara's proposal from its origins to the current situation. The document analyzes the position of various countries, with a focus on the Italian one and some points which still need to be sorted out. Italy seems interested in participating in the proposed Committee.
May 31, 1965	Draft Telegram to Italian Embassies and Permanent Representative to NATO The telegram announces that the Italian government welcomes MacNamara's proposal of establishing a restricted Atlantic Nuclear Committee. This proposal is in the context of a necessary widening of the Atlantic nuclear responsibilities that now are concentrated in Washington.
April 26, 1965	Report by Permanent Representative to NATO to Minister of Defense, 'Defense Planning' The document is part of a broad series of "Informative Reports" drafted by RICA and sent by Alessandrini to Andreotti (Minister of Defense), concerning the forthcoming meeting in London of the Atlantic Council at a ministerial level. With regards to the Defense Planning, Italy claims (together with Germany) that it is absolutely indispensable to have available a well-balanced both conventional and nuclear arsenal, to preserve the SACEUR's credibility, on a political level too.
November 21, 1964	Telespresso by Ministry of Foreign Affairs to Ministry of Defense, 'Multilateral Nuclear Force. British proposals' The document consists of the transcript of what has been told to the Italian Embassy in London (Cattani), November 20th about British remarks with regard to Atlantic Nuclear Force project. The document describes the features of the project, reports the disadvantages that could derive from the proposal and the British doubts about that. In addition, the document underlines the goals and the features that - from the Italian point of view - the MLF project could and should have.
May 2, 1961	Memorandum by General Staff of Defense (SMD) for Minister of Defense Andreotti Document announcing the official abandonment of the policy of massive retaliation as a "deterrence" strategy. Opinion of the Italian senior minister of defense regarding the need for a more flexible NATO defense strategy in order to respond to any type of act of aggression is also presented.
May 30, 1961	Memorandum by Chief of Defense Staff Aldo Rossi to Minister of Defense Andreotti, 'NATO new strategic approach' Rossi describes the recent trend of the US Administration to want to turn away from the doctrine of Massive Retaliation, towards the acquisition of a new strategic concept that includes an increase in the "nuclear threshold." In order for Italy to continue to lead the defense of central and southeastern Europe against the Soviet Union as well as address its internal social and political crises, the United States must provide Italy with financial assistance.
October 19, 1990	Telegram by Permanent Representative to NATO Fulci to Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'Transfer to Crotone of the 401st Formation of US Air Force' Short telegram in which Fulci reports his conversation with his US counterpart about the recent decision on the Crotone airbase. Taft described the episode as a "parliamentary ambush" and reiterated the US administration's determination to do everything possible to safeguard the strategically important project.
April 12, 1988	Letter by Permanent Representative to NATO Fulci to Minister of Foreign Affairs Andreotti Italy's permanent representative to NATO, Fulci, informs Andreotti about the developments in the plans to move F 16 from the Spanish base of Torrejon to Italy.