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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Western Europe

Germany

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Hartmann, Peter

1935 -

The Kremlin, Russia

Eastern Europe

Russia

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Boris Yeltsin at the United Nations, October 1995

Yeltsin, Boris

1931 - 2007

Erich Honecker, 1976.

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul

1912 - 1994

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924 - 2018

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Gulf War, 1990-1991

François Mitterrand in 1983

Mitterrand, François

1916 - 1996

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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October 9, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with the President of Slovenia, Milan Kucan, on Tuesday, 8 October 1991 Kohl and Kucan discuss the disintegration of Yugoslavia and emphasize the need for minority rights, self determination and the non-use of force. Kohl explains his position arguing that Germany must not be "singularized" in its diplomacy.
October 8, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Croatian Foreign Minister Separovic on Monday, 7 October 1991 Kohl and Separovic examine the situation in Croatia against the backdrop of the fact that the Yugoslavian People's Army was just 30km away from Zagreb. Separovic asks for assistance and international recognition.
October 9, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversations with Italian Prime Minister Andreotti, October 4, 7, and 8, 1991 Kohl and Andreotti elaborate on the timing of Slovenia's and Croatia's recognition. Due to the lack of consensus on this within the EC, they agree to go ahead with a group of five or six countries recognizing Slovenia and Croatia. Both emphasize the need to avoid a repetition of the 1941 World War II coalition in this regard.
September 20, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Spanish Prime Minister Felipe Gonzales, Thursday, 19 September 1991, 11:20 until 12:46 hours Kohl and Gonzalez discuss the potential for European integration after Germany's unification and the urge for fast action after the coup in Moscow. They review the ensuing war in Yugoslavia and the need for the Federal Republic to avoid going it alone in its efforts for the recognition of Slovenia and Croatia.
October 7, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with French President Mitterrand on 18 September 1991, 13:45 – 15:15 hours Kohl and Mitterrand explore ideas for the creation of a NATO-WEU-European pillar in cooperation with the Bush Administration. Moreover, they discuss the war in Yugoslavia and Franco-German differences which Mitterrand even compares to the situation prior to World War I in 1914.
September 17, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with U.S. President Bush on Monday, 16 September 1991, at the White House Kohl and Bush analyze European security and the potential creation of a European pillar in NATO as well as France's rapproachment vis-a-vis NATO via the WEU. Kohl provides an assessment of Mitterrand's personality and his diplomacy toward Germany.
September 10, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with the President of the EC Commission, Jacques Delors, on Monday, 9 September 1991, 16:40 until 16:55 hours Kohl and Delors examine the role of the European Community in the stabilization of the Soviet Union's economy including financial aid.
September 6, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with Russian President Yeltsin, Thursday, 5 September 1991, 12:20 until 12:30 hours Kohl and Yeltsin examine the situation after the coup and discuss preparations for Yeltsin's first visit to Germany in November 1991.
September 6, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, Thursday, 5 September 1991, 13:15 until 13:30 hours Kohl and Gorbachev scrutinize the situation in the Soviet Union after the coup. They agree on the urgent need for more for financial help.
August 26, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with U.S. President Bush on 26 August 1991, 14:25 – 14:50 hours Kohl and Bush discuss the latter forthcoming visit to Moscow, the situation after the coup, as well as Western financial assistance for the Soviet Union and Baltic independence.

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Hartmann, Peter 58

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich 49

Yeltsin, Boris 40

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul 36

Bush, George H.W. 33

Soviet Union 167

East Germany 156

United States 124

Helmut Kohl Transcripts 149

Sino-Soviet Relations 44

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984 41

Gulf War, 1990-1991 30

End of the Cold War 23