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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Emblem of the People's Republic of China

China. State Council

1954 -

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

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Poland. Embassy (China)

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Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898 - 1976

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Documents

June 16, 1954	State Department Reservations about Free Europe Committee Policy State Department official Lampton Berry conveys to Thomas Braden reservations about FEC Special Policy Guidance No. 19 [available in the Hoover Archives] that emphasized weakened Soviet control in Eastern Europe.
February 26, 1954	CIA Review of Radio Liberty Broadcasting A CIA memorandum reviews Radio Liberty policy guidance to date and outlines how it differs from the Voice of America.
November 18, 1953	CIA Dissent from C.D. Jackson’s Views CIA official Tracey Barnes, reacting to C.D. Jackson’s memorandum of November 16, 1953 ("Fomenting Unrest in the Communist World"), cautions against encouraging active resistance in Eastern Europe.
September 30, 1953	Implementation of Jackson Committee Recommendations on Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty The Operations Coordinating Board forwards CIA’s acceptance of Jackson Committee recommendations that the Free Europe Committee and American Committee for Liberation concentrate on radio broadcasting to the Soviet bloc as distinct from émigré support projects.
January 22, 1953	Radio Policy Paper A CIA memorandum formulates guidelines for RL broadcasts to be conducted by a Coordinating Center of Soviet exiles
July 16, 1952	Revised Princeton Statement [on American Foreign Policy] The Psychological Strategy Board issues a restrained revision of the Princeton Statement adopted at a May 1952 meeting at Princeton on psychological operations [available in the Hoover Archives] convened at the initiative of Free Europe Committee President C.D. Jackson.
March 19, 1975	Military Exercise Soyuz-75 Combat Instruction No. 2 for Reconnaissance of the Maritime Front This document describes the present military situation in Europe as part of the "Soyuz-75" military exercise. Having inflicting damage on NATO with nuclear strikes, the Polish Maritime Front must now gauge the current condition and location of Western military forces in Europe.
March 19, 1975	Military Exercise Soyuz-75 Combat Order No. 1 of the 4th Army This document describes the locations, movements, and goals of Warsaw Pact forces in their theoretical confrontation with NATO under the "Soyuz-75" military exercise.
March 19, 1975	Military Exercise Soyuz-75 Operational Directive No. 2 of the Maritime Front This document chronicles continuing developments in the hypothetical "Soyuz-75" military exercise. After two days of battle, Eastern forces have overpowered the West. However, due to the deployment of nuclear weapons, the zone between the rivers Elbe and Oder has become radioactive. In light of the possibility that the West may soon deploy reserve forces, the document directs the Polish Maritime Front to plan an offensive towards Berlin, Hannover, and Brussels with the goal of defeating Western forces in northern West Germany. By the end of March, the Maritime Front is to occupy the Jutland peninsula and reach the North Sea coast at the border of France. Finally, the document directs the Maritime Front to a defense of its position on the North Sea and prescribes the use of nuclear weapons against enemy forces.
March 22, 1975	Military Exercise Soyuz-75 Combat Instruction No. 1 of the Maritime Front This document describes the developing military situation in the hypothetical "Soyuz-75" military exercise. The Polish Maritime Front has successfully defeated NATO after five days of battle and reached the Weser River in Germany, which empties into the North Sea. However, Western forces retain the capacity to remobilize. Therefore, the document directs the Maritime Front to establish a defense of its position on the North Sea.

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United States. Central Intelligence Agency 31

China. State Council 26

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich 21

Poland. Embassy (China) 18

Soviet Union 307

Eastern Europe 297

United States 164

China-Europe Relations 232

China-Eastern Europe Relations 226

Sino-Soviet Relations 87

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984 77

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty 71