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April 10, 2024

Interview with Kudakwashe Mapako

Kudakwashe Mapako, a legal researcher specializing in international law, engages in nuclear security with a focus on Africa through the African Center for Science and International Security. His work highlights Africa’s strategic role in uranium trade and disarmament, advocating for African states to leverage their positions for policy influence. He critiques inequalities in global non-proliferation treaties, particularly the NPT, and underscores the need for inclusive diplomacy. Mapako also emphasizes educating African policymakers and citizens about nuclear issues as a step toward meaningful participation in global disarmament efforts.

This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.

March 7, 2024

Interview with Edwick Madzimure

Edwick Madzimure, president of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) Zimbabwe, discusses her advocacy for nuclear disarmament, linking it to broader issues of peace, gender equality, and climate justice. She emphasizes Africa's overlooked role in uranium mining and the disproportionate effects of nuclear testing and proliferation on the Global South. Madzimure critiques the lack of awareness and political will in African governments toward disarmament, advocating for increased public education, demystification of technical nuclear discourse, and stronger civil society coalitions. She underscores the need for gender-inclusive research and policies, highlighting strides made through WILPF's partnerships and regional collaborations to promote disarmament and address systemic inequities.

This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.

April 16, 1979

Stenographic Notes of the Session of the Current Affairs Subcommittee of the SIV Nuclear Energy Commission [Excerpt]

This excerpt is a part of the lengthy document from the Yugoslav Nuclear Energy Commission meeting held on April 16, 1979. The discussion included cooperation with different countries in the development of peaceful nuclear technology, exploration of options to acquire and sell uranium (yellowcake) on the global market without any restrictions, and joint programs in developing or exporting nuclear technology (Romania, Indonesia, and Iraq). 

The focus here is on investigating the possibility of constructing a nuclear reactor in Iraq in cooperation with France. The details are fuzzy, although it is undoubtedly the Osiraq nuclear reactor. Important for understanding the context is the fact that Yugoslavia and Iraq had already established lucrative barter arrangements on the principle “armaments for oil.” More importantly, the general undertone throughout this and other meetings of the Commission in a previous couple of years is the attempt of the Yugoslavs to find loopholes in the existing safeguards and other restrictions related to selling sensitive nuclear technology to other countries based on a belief that the NPT did not function and that the ‘nuclear haves’ were once again trying to reestablish much stricter monopoly on nuclear technology than before. 

July 13, 1974

Letter, Hoerster and Biagoschi, Kraftwerk Union A.G., to Dr. H.-G. Wieck, 'Turn-key Nuclear Power Plants for Iran including Fuel Management, Exploration of Natural Uranium and Aid in obtaining Enrichment Know-how'

This document discusses the capability of Kraftwerk Union AG, bid preparation for nuclear plants including the unit sizes and turn key jobs, exploration of natural uranium in Iran, and uranium enrichment facilities.

April 1, 1949

Letter, Jawaharlal Nehru to All Provincial Premiers

Nehru briefs the Provincial Premiers about internal and external developments. Nehru highlights the situation in China and states that the communists could soon take power in the whole of China. He speculates how this will affect other regions.

September 24, 1974

Short Protocol regarding the Meeting between State Secretary Haunschild and the President of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran [AEOI], Dr. Etemad, on 24 September 1974 in the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology

The two sides discuss nuclear fuel, the education of Iranian employees, and the building of iranian research and development capacity in Nuclear energy. Support from German industry, natural uranium, and enrichment services. 

September 3, 1974

Memorandum from Biagosch to Klaus Barthelt, 'Nuclear Power Plants Iran; Here: Call from ORR Kaye, BMFT; Meeting Today with Dr. Arabian'

An employee of the Deutsche Kraftwerksunion (KWU) writes to Klaus Barthelt, the Chairman of the Board, about enrichment negotiations with the Soviet Union in the context of an upcoming meeting with the President of Atomic Energy Organization of Iran. The author also describes a meeting with another Iranian official who described Tehran's annoyance with France.

August 8, 1974

Inter-Ministerial Meeting on Procurement of German NPP Exports of 1200 to 2400 Megawatt to Iran with Enriched Uranium on 8 August 1974 1974 (15:00 to 17:30 hours) in the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology

This is a list of participant names and notes regarding the results in keywords.

March 15, 1960

Maurice Couve de Murville to Prime Minister Michel Debré, 'Revision of the EURATOM Treaty,'

The French decision to join EURATOM was conditioned on the regional agency not impinging on national nuclear programs. As early as 1955, French Prime Minister Guy Mollet had instructed French negotiators that “Euratom will not be an obstacle toward the possible decision of France … to build nuclear weapons.”  While EURATOM’s jurisdiction would be limited to negotiating purchases of fissile materials, promoting trade with the United States and the United Kingdom, and exchanging reactors designs and civilian technology among members of the Atlantic community, Couve de Murville credited EURATOM with a fringe benefit: monitoring West Germany. In this spring 1960 letter to Prime Minister Michel Debré about revising the treaty, he warned against the removal of EURATOM controls over raw uranium and thorium or enriched uranium. Their removal, he cautioned, would create a dilemma: “either abandon the idea that German’s renunciation of atomic armaments could be enforced or support the enforcement of equivalent controls under the West European Union, which … would interfere in the direction of our programs and the development of our nuclear weapons.”

November 9, 2020

Interview with Bradley Gordon

Bradley Gordon is a former US diplomat. He served as a member of the US delegation to ACRS. 

Pagination