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Documents

September 18, 1964

Record of a Conversation between Cde. N.S. Khrushchev, Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers, and S. Radhakrishnan, President of India

This document summarizes a 1964 conversation between Nikita Khrushchev and Indian President S. Radhakrishnan, covering topics such as agricultural innovation, economic development, and the ongoing Sino-Indian conflict. Khrushchev criticizes China's hostility toward India and mocks Mao Zedong's leadership, expressing frustration that China resented the Soviet Union's refusal to support them against India. The discussion reflects Soviet-Indian solidarity and Khrushchev's broader disapproval of Chinese foreign policy and internal governance.

September 18, 1964

Dictation of N.S. Khrushchev on the Draft Treaty with China on Resolving Border Disputes

This document captures Khrushchev’s reflections on a draft border treaty with China, in which he responds to Chinese claims that Tsarist Russia unfairly seized territory. Khrushchev argues that both Russian tsars and Chinese emperors pursued expansionist, exploitative policies and suggests that current borders are inherited from those historical systems. He emphasizes the need to resolve disputes peacefully and pragmatically, focusing on mutual recognition, socialist solidarity, and the self-determination of local populations.

September 12, 1964

Record of a Conversation between Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers N.S. Khrushchev and President of India S. Radhakrishnan

Khrushchev and Indian President Radhakrishnan discuss regional tensions, including cooperation with Nepal, the situation in Kashmir, and the spread of socialism in Southeast Asia. Radhakrishnan expresses concern over Chinese aggression and reaffirms India’s commitment to peaceful solutions. Khrushchev downplays China's influence, criticizing Mao Zedong’s leadership and emphasizing the unreliability of Chinese policy. Both leaders affirm the importance of continued Soviet-Indian cooperation amid regional challenges.

August 7, 1962

Record of a Conversation between Cde. N.S. Khrushchev and Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan

Khrushchev and Brezhnev visited King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan, who was vacationing on the Black Sea. Khrushchev provided an overview of key international issues, focusing on tensions in Berlin and Taiwan, and highlighted Soviet economic growth. The King expressed gratitude for Soviet economic and military assistance and praised the work of Soviet specialists in Afghanistan. He discussed the ongoing conflict with Pakistan, emphasizing Afghanistan's neutral foreign policy and the mediation efforts of the Shah of Iran, which he viewed as ineffective. The conversation also touched on broader regional dynamics, including proposals for a bloc of Muslim countries, which both leaders considered unrealistic.

June 15, 1961

Record of a Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and President Sukarno

Sukarno tells Khrushchev about his trip to China and the possibilities of Chinese annexation of Taiwan. Khrushchev says the USSR fully supports the PRC's actions. The parties also discuss the reorganization of the United Nations.

July 5, 1961

Record of a Conversation between N. S. Khrushchev and Chen Yi, Deputy Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

Chen asks Khrushchev to go over the pressing international issues and he presents the USSR's stances on the situation in Laos, South Korea, and Cuba. Khrushchev also raises problems in GDR and difficulties in negotiations with Western powers with regards to the German question. Khrushchev also mentions Soviet plans to launch a spaceship and resume nuclear testing. The two leaders also discuss the challenges of agricultural development.

July 2, 1961

Record of a Conversation [between] N. S. Khrushchev and F. Roberts, British Ambassador in the USSR concerning the Signing of a Peace Treaty with the Two German States

The two parties discuss the national exhibitions in Moscow and London, and opportunities for trade between England and the Soviet Union. Khrushchev puts forth his intentions to sign the peace agreement with Germany as soon as possible and to declare Berlin a free city. Roberts is worried that the peace agreement will limit the rights of Western nations in Western Germany and Western Berlin.

May 3, 1961

Reception of the United Arab Republic’s Parliamentary Delegation by N.S. Khrushchev

On May 3, 1961, Nikita Khrushchev met with a delegation from the United Arab Republic (UAR) led by Anwar Sadat. The meeting began with expressions of gratitude and solidarity, highlighting Soviet support for UAR independence and its struggle against imperialism, particularly in relation to the construction of the Aswan Dam and resistance to Western aggression in the Middle East. Khrushchev emphasized the superiority of socialism and communism, advocating the Soviet model as an example for nations striving for independence and progress. Sadat expressed appreciation for Soviet assistance and raised concerns about the financial burden of purchasing weapons from the USSR. He requested a reduction in the price, citing UAR’s commitments to supporting anti-imperialist struggles across Africa and Asia. Khrushchev acknowledged the UAR’s vital role in the global anti-colonial movement but maintained that the USSR could not lower its weapons prices due to its own economic constraints and the need for consistency in its aid policies. Despite these limitations, Khrushchev promised to explore alternative ways to assist the UAR. The conversation concluded with mutual respect and reaffirmation of Soviet-UAR solidarity.

This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.

May 3, 1961

Record of a Conversation of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Cde. N.S. Khrushchev, and the Head of the Brazilian Trade Mission, Chief of the Economics and Trade Department of the MFA of Brazil, Paulo Leão de Moura

On May 3, 1961, Nikita Khrushchev met with Paulo Leão de Moura, head of Brazil's trade mission, to discuss the potential restoration of diplomatic relations and the expansion of trade between the Soviet Union and Brazil. Leão de Moura, under instructions from Brazilian President Jânio Quadros, presented two conditions for restoring relations: a public Soviet declaration of interest in resuming diplomatic ties and the successful conclusion of ongoing trade negotiations. Khrushchev expressed support for increased trade and praised Quadros' pragmatic foreign policy. He emphasized the USSR’s commitment to mutually beneficial trade, contrasting it with U.S. reluctance to support industrial development in countries like Brazil. Both parties expressed optimism about improving relations, with Leão de Moura indicating that diplomatic ties could be restored by year-end if conditions were met. The meeting concluded with assurances of confidentiality and mutual respect.

This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.

April 24, 1961

Record of a Conversation between N. S. Khrushchev and FRG Ambassador in the USSR H. Kroll about the State of Soviet-German Relations and Questions of the Signing of a Peace Treaty with Germany

Kroll remarks that trade between the USSR and Western Germany is improving and that he hopes they can continue to trade on good terms. The two discuss the Soviet exhibition in FRG, and Kroll suggests to Khrushchev that the USSR should try and reach an agreement with the GDR soon. Khrushchev also mentions that he will not prevent West German citizens (with FRG passports) to enter FRG from Soviet-controlled Berlin, since population control is too difficult. However, he does mention the possibility of building a wall and quickly says that it would be "impossible".

Pagination