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South Asia

Afghanistan

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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South Asia

Pakistan

The Taj Mahal Shrine in Agra, India.

South Asia

India

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

Sino-Soviet Relations

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Najibullah, Mohammad

1947 - 1996

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906 - 1982

Soviet Foreign Policy

Pakistani Nuclear History

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC). Politburo

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Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909 - 1989

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January 28, 1957	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1957, No. 4 (Overall Issue No. 77) This issue features content on China's relations with the Soviet Union, Hungary, Afghanistan, and Hong Kong. It also has sections on tax relief and loan assistance for poor production teams and military, prevention and treatment of Kashin-Beck Disease, the collection of revolutionary history archives, regulations on production, business, infrastructure, and Soviet activities, and village transfer and reassignment.
August 7, 1962	Record of a Conversation between Cde. N.S. Khrushchev and Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan Khrushchev and Brezhnev visited King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan, who was vacationing on the Black Sea. Khrushchev provided an overview of key international issues, focusing on tensions in Berlin and Taiwan, and highlighted Soviet economic growth. The King expressed gratitude for Soviet economic and military assistance and praised the work of Soviet specialists in Afghanistan. He discussed the ongoing conflict with Pakistan, emphasizing Afghanistan's neutral foreign policy and the mediation efforts of the Shah of Iran, which he viewed as ineffective. The conversation also touched on broader regional dynamics, including proposals for a bloc of Muslim countries, which both leaders considered unrealistic.
July 20, 1956	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1956, No. 27 (Overall Issue No. 53) This issue includes messages that Zhou Enlai exchanged with Syrian Foreign Minister Salah al-Din Bitar after Syria officially recognized China. It also features a statement about an invitation from Zhou Enlai for Afghan Prime Minister Mohammed Daoud Khan to visit China and his acceptance. Other sections discuss regulations for the organization of various local People's Congresses and People's Committees and wage reform.
March 12, 1955	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1955, No. 1 (Overall Issue No. 4) This issue includes statements from Zhou Enlai about American intervention in Taiwan, the establishment of Sino-Yugoslav relations, Sino-Afghan relations, and Sino-Indonesian trade. It also condemns American, French, and KMT Nationalist activities in North Vietnam. Finally, it discusses domestic topics such as divorce and manufacturing.
November 13, 1986	Politburo on Afghanistan The Politburo discuss the need for Soviet troops to withdraw from Afghanistan, the best way to do that, and set up a time table to withdraw troops.
November 9, 1986	Cable No. 3757, Ambassador Nakae to the Foreign Minister, 'The Prime Minister’s Visit to China (Meeting with General Secretary Hu - Japan-China Relations)' Hu and Nakasone discuss some of their countries respective foreign policy priorities, including the USSR, the United States, the Cambodian-Vietnamese conflict, Eastern Europe, and Afghanistan, as well as arms control.
May 20, 1959	Record of a Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and Prime Minister of Afghanistan M. Daud, 20 May 1959 Nikita Khrushchev and Mohammed Daoud Kahn discuss construction in Moscow, territorial disputes with Iran over the waters of the Helmand River, Afghanistan's relations with Pakistan, the 14 July Revolution in Iraq, the Soviet Union's relations with Egypt, and the formation of the United Arab Republic in 1958.
June 23, 1990	National Intelligence Daily for Saturday, 23 June 1990 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for Saturday, 23 June 1990 describes the latest developments in USSR, Yugoslavia, Palestine, West Germany and South Africa.
June 19, 1990	National Intelligence Daily for Tuesday, 19 June 1990 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for Tuesday, 19 December 1990 describes the latest developments in USSR, Germany, Poland, Afghanistan, Bulgaria, France and Africa.
July 16, 1990	National Intelligence Daily for Monday, 16 July 1990 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for Monday, 16 July 1990 describes the latest developments in USSR, Poland, Iraq, East Germany and Afghanistan.