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Eastern Europe

Poland

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931 - 2022

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Drozniak, Edward

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Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

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Jelen, Bolesław

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Sino-Soviet Relations

Photograph of a US POW during the Vietnam War.

Vietnam War

Boris Yeltsin at the United Nations, October 1995

Yeltsin, Boris

1931 - 2007

American diplomat William Averell Harriman

Harriman, W. Averell (William Averell)

1891 - 1986

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1948	Preliminary Plan for Operational Invigilation against Rada Polonii Amerykańskiej This is a counterintelligence report from 1948 (exact date not indicated) on operational actions taken against Rada Polonii Amerykańskiej (American Relief for Poland, or the ARP) in connection with the distribution of CARE packages in Poland. Although the Communists ruling Poland initially warmly welcomed support from foreign aid organizations, this changed in the late 1940s as Moscow placed trusted Communist leaders in power who were under pressure to reject contact with the West. The activities of CARE and other similar organizations began to be seen as unwanted foreign agents. CARE was treated with indifference, impatience, and finally, unconcealed hostility
February 12, 1946	Letter, William N. Haskell to Ambassador Oskar Lange In February 1946, William N. Haskell, executive director of the Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe (CARE), wrote to Oskar Lange, the Polish ambassador in Washington, DC, explaining the CARE plan, and asking for his assistance in obtaining Polish government’s consent to its extension to Poland.
October 24, 1946	Sokół Polski: 'CARE Food Packages are Welcome Gifts in Poland' The October 24, 1946, issue of the Sokół Polski (Polish Falcon), the official publication of Polish Falcons of America, features an article on CARE in Poland.
July 5, 1947	Telegram 1084/P sent by Romanian Ambassador Raiciu in Warsaw, Poland A telegram regarding the Polish attitude towards the Marshall Plan. The author explains that Poland would like to take part in reconstruction of Europe, but believes a priority should have been given to the countries affected direct by the German occupation.
October 2, 1957	Memorandum by Frank Aiken [on an Interview with Scott McCleod and the Taoiseach] Aiken made an immediate impression on his arrival in the Twelfth Session of the UN General Assembly in September 1957. He adopted an impartial posture of assessing each issue on its merits and campaigning to remodel international politics around self-determination, humanitarianism, and peace. His exhortation was that only the UN had the moral authority and political legitimacy to put forward global solutions. While he did not propose nuclear disarmament measures specifically, his intent was signaled by his recommendation for a mutual drawback of foreign forces (including their nuclear weapons) in central Europe and his endorsement of a proposal to discuss the representation of China in the United Nations. The Eisenhower administration was hostile to Aiken’s course as outlined in the U.S. ambassador’s audience with Taoiseach Eamon de Valera and Aiken in Dublin on 2 October. The record underlines the Irish concerns about accidental nuclear war due to the proximity of opposing U.S. and Soviet forces in central Europe.
February 3, 1994	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Lunch Meeting with President Clinton in Washington on 31 January 1994 Kohl and Clinton review the state of NATO enlargement after the January 1994 NATO Summit in Brussels. They view NATO's Partnership for Peace (PfP) as the best solution to engage Russia and to reach out to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Both view the situation in Ukraine as a key factor in the search for Europe's post-Cold War order. "If anything happened in Ukraine, this would increase the pressure for the NATO accession of the Central and Eastern European countries," Clinton says.
September 9, 1993	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with President Clinton on 7 September 1993 Kohl and Clinton discuss plans for NATO enlargement and the need to find a modus vivendi for an intermediate period as a way to balance Russia's engagement and the security interests of the Central and East European countries. Kohl has doubts over the feasibility of NATO enlargement but is willing to search for an intermediary solution.
March 29, 1993	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with U.S. President Clinton on Friday, 26 March 1993 in Washington During their first meeting, Kohl and Clinton examine the relevance of their joint support for Yeltsin and the need for more international financial aid for Russia agains the backdrop of the forthcoming Clinton-Yeltsin meeting in Vancouver in early April. Moreover, Kohl and Clinton discuss the relevance of intensified U.S.-German ties in the fields of culture, education and trade after the end of the Cold War.
June 2, 1992	Meeting between ChefBK Bohl and U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger on 2 June 1992, 11:00 Hours Eagleburger reviews his most recent visits in Russia, Bulgaria, Albania, the CSFR and Romania. Bohl and Eagleburger discuss the security of nuclear power plants in Russia, the CIS and Eastern Europe as a pivotal theme for the agenda of the 1992 Munich World Economic Summit. Eagleburger sees no chance for U.S. financial support for Russia prior to the 1992 Presidential elections.
May 4, 1992	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa in Bonn, 30 April 1992, 11:45 – 12:10 Hours Kohl and Miyazawa talk about financial aid for Russia and preparations for the 1992 World Economic Summit as well as Kohl's request for additional Japanese economic support for Russia. In contrast, Miyazawa highlights the importance of the unresolved territorial question over the Kuriles.