In June 1993, the Russian General Staff warned of escalating tensions over the unresolved status of the Black Sea Fleet (ChF), driven by Ukraine's territorial claims over Crimea and control of fleet assets. Disputes over the division of the fleet and its infrastructure, compounded by Ukrainian efforts to assert authority over ChF personnel and facilities, risked destabilizing regional security. The memo advised that Russia should push firmly for joint control of fleet infrastructure and, if necessary, question Crimea's 1954 transfer to Ukraine, while using diplomatic efforts to highlight the risks of ongoing deadlock.

In this interview, Oliver Meier discusses his career and views on nuclear policy, sharing how his experience spans both peace research and security policy. He emphasizes the enduring power dynamics created by nuclear weapons, which he believes destabilize global politics by increasing divisions and complicating cooperation. Meier advocates for civil society to pressure for nuclear abolition while also pursuing practical risk-reduction steps, given the challenges of immediate disarmament. Looking ahead, he expresses hope for a future where international relations can be organized without nuclear deterrence, although he acknowledges this shift will require significant political, rather than technical, change.

This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.

The table of contents for volume 2 of Papers of the Higher School of the KGB. The issue is focused on intelligence aspects of World War II, or the "Great Patriotic War."

The table of contents for volume 8 of Papers of the Higher School of the KGB. Articles relate to the so-called "subversive activities of Zionists".

Kohl and Kuchma debate plans for the establishment of a permanent German-Ukrainian commission. Kohl emphasizes  Ukraine's relevance in terms of European security.

The document discusses the number of foreigners who visited the Ukrainian SSR, rumored military training of OUN fighters in Southern England, the suspected murder of a Soviet ship captain in international waters, and a Unit 1 reactor accident at Chernobyl in 1982.

Sergey Khrushchev, son of Nikita Khrushchev, recalls the 1954 transfer of Crimea from Soviet Russian to Soviet Ukraine. At the time it was an uncontroversial decision, but later after the fall of the Soviet Union the loss of Crimea was seen in a negative light by the Russian public.