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Photograph of Sayyida Zainab bin Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib Shrine.

Middle East

Syria

Emir Farid Chehab

Emir Farid Chehab Collection

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Middle East

Lebanon

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Journalist informer

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Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Egyptian Pyramids

Northern Africa

Egypt

Japan and the U.S. Hostage Crisis in Lebanon

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Emir Farid Chehab

Chehab, Emir Farid

1908 - 1985

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Assad, Hafez

1930 - 2000

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Japan. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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al-Za'īm, Ḥusnī

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Abe, Shintaro

1924 - 1991

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Yom Kippur War, 1973

The Six-Day War (1967)

Nikita Khrushchev Collection

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

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July 26, 1962	Transcript of the Conversation Between N.S. Khrushchev and the Ambassador of the Syrian Arab Republic to the USSR, Rafik Asha On July 26, 1962, N.S. Khrushchev met with Syrian Ambassador Rafik Asha for a farewell conversation before Asha’s departure to assume a higher post in Syria. Asha expressed deep appreciation for his time in the USSR and reaffirmed his commitment to strengthening Soviet-Syrian relations. The discussion covered Syria’s internal challenges, the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the dissolution of the Syrian-Egyptian union, with Khrushchev emphasizing continued Soviet support for Syria’s independence and stability.
October 9, 1961	Reception of Mohammed Murad Ghaleb, Ambassador of the United Arab Republic in the USSR, by N. S. Khrushchev Khrushchev and Ambassador Ghaleb discuss Soviet-UAR relations, emphasizing cooperation on the Aswan Dam and differing views on the UN “troika” proposal. Khrushchev offers candid criticism of Western influence and advises caution regarding Arab unification efforts, referencing the recent Syrian secession.
February 13, 1961	Record of Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and the Egyptian Ambassador to the USSR Mohammed Al-Kun As Ambassador El-Kuni bid farewell to Khrushchev, he thanked the Soviet Union for its support of the Arab peoples and the UAR, while Khrushchev expressed hope for continued strong relations, highlighting the Aswan Dam as a lasting symbol of friendship. Khrushchev also privately criticized the UAR's treatment of communists and warned that undemocratic practices could strain relations, while El-Kuni defended the government's actions as necessary for national stability.
May 22, 1959	Record of a Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and UAR ambassador in Moscow M.A Al-Kush In the conversation, N. S. Khrushchev and M. A. al-Kuni discuss tensions between the USSR and the UAR (Egypt), particularly misunderstandings stemming from speeches by President Nasser and Soviet responses. Khrushchev emphasizes the USSR's commitment to aiding the UAR and supporting anti-imperialist struggles while rejecting accusations of spreading Communism intentionally. Al-Kuni conveys Nasser's regret over the escalation of disagreements and his desire to preserve the friendship between the two nations. Both sides acknowledge the challenges posed by regional dynamics and agree on the importance of improving relations for mutual benefit and peace in the Middle East. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
March 20, 1959	Record of Conversation between Cde. N.S. Khrushchev and Mohammed El-Nil, Ambassador of the Republic of Sudan in the USSR Khrushchev discusses the Soviet Union's relationships with both Iraq and the UAR (Egypt), expressing criticism of Nasser's policies and approach to Arab unity. He voices concerns over Nasser’s political stance and the impact of his speeches, highlighting areas where Soviet and Egyptian interests diverge. Additionally, Khrushchev thanks the Sudanese Ambassador for his service as he steps down from his position.
December 16, 1999	Letter, O'Brien to Sherard Cowper-Coles, 'Telephone Call with President Clinton, 16 December' Clinton and Blair discuss Israel/Syria, Iraq, the Helsinki Summit, translatic relations, Russia, the IMF, and Northern Ireland.
April 30, 1958	Transcript of the Negotiations between the Soviet Leadership and the Leadership of the UAR The two sides first discuss the aggression of the USA, England, and France towards the Arab nations over natural resources. The two sides then discuss bilateral relations and affairs in the Middle East.
October 18, 1973	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with US Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 18 October 1973' Dobrynin describes Soviet efforts to achieve a ceasefire in the Middle East and the Soviet Union's position on a possible Security Council resolution. He also raises the possibility of Kissinger visiting Moscow.
October 13, 1973	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with US Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 13 October 1973' Dobrynin and Kissinger review the situation in the Middle East and the impact of the Arab-Israeli war on Soviet-American relations.
October 12, 1973	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with US Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 12 October 1973' Kissinger and Dobrynin discuss the roles of China and Great Britain in the Middle East conflict. Kissinger says the United States has intelligence suggesting that Soviet armed forces will intervene in the war. Dobrynin accuses Israel of "barbaric" behavior in the conflict.