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Aerial view of National Mall

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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

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Group photo from the Arms Control and Regional Security Working Group Operational Basket Meeting, Antalya, Turkey, April 4-6, 1995.

ACRS Oral History Project

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

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Northern Africa

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James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS)

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Fahmy, Nabil‏

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Pomper, Miles

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Anatoly Dobrynin, 1977

Dobrynin, Anatoly Fedorovich

1919 - 2010

Richard Nixon

Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous)

1913 - 1994

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Yom Kippur War, 1973

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

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Gulf War, 1990-1991

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September 12, 1962	Record of a Conversation of N.S. Khrushchev With the Minister of State and Permanent Representative of Saudi Arabia in the UN, Ahmad Shukeiry On September 12, 1962, N.S. Khrushchev met with Saudi Arabian representative Ahmad Shukeiry in Gagra to discuss various global issues. They covered Soviet intervention in Egypt and the Middle East, European imperialism in Africa, the Algerian and Indonesian struggles against colonial powers, and US elections and labor unions. Khrushchev emphasized the USSR’s competition with the capitalist world, while Shukeiry expressed gratitude for Soviet support in Arab and anti-imperialist movements, including Palestine. They also discussed potential Soviet-Saudi diplomatic relations and Khrushchev’s possible visit to the UN General Assembly.
January 15, 1975	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with Vice President of the United States N. Rockefeller and Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 15 January 1975’ In this January 1975 conversation, Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin met with US Vice President Nelson Rockefeller and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger to discuss the state of US-Soviet relations, focusing on discriminatory trade legislation, strategic arms negotiations, and the upcoming Brezhnev visit. Kissinger and Rockefeller expressed shared concerns over congressional interference in foreign policy and emphasized their commitment to preserving détente, while privately assuring Dobrynin that recent US threats of military intervention in the Middle East were strategic posturing to prevent another oil embargo. The meeting also highlighted US plans for long-term energy independence and efforts to sustain diplomatic momentum despite mounting domestic political challenges.
September 1982	For a General Conversation with Prime Minister of India I. Gandhi Material sent to L. I. Brezhnev in preparation for a general conversation with I. Gandhi. Potential topics for conversation include the importance of Soviet-Indian relations, tensions with the United States, negotiations on nuclear weapons, and events in the Middle East.
July 14, 1969	Record of a Conversation between L. I. Brezhnev and Ali Sabri, member of the High Executive Committee of the Arab Socialist Union Ali Sabri uses the increased pressure that the United States and Israel place on Arab nations to ask Brezhnev for increased military support to Egypt. Brezhnev responds by speaking about the importance that politics plays in negotiations with Israel. He also expresses gratitude for Egypt's diplomatic recognition of the GDR.
July 6, 1968	Minutes of the Discussions between Cdes. L.I. Brezhnev, A.N. Kosygin, N.V. Podgorny and UAR President Nasser, 6 July 1968 Brezhnev and Nasser discuss the relationship between their two governments and brainstorm ways to sustain Soviet-Egyptian cooperation. Special attention is given to combating Western imperialism and increasing Soviet military aid to Egypt.
July 5, 1968	Minutes of the Discussions of Cdes. L.I. Brezhnev, A.N. Kosygin, and N.V. Podgorny with UAR President Nasser, 5 July 1968 Nasser tells Brezhnev of the difficulties faced in his attempts to unify Arab nations against Israeli threats. Though Nasser expresses his desire for a peaceful settlement with Israel, he makes clear that he will not yield any of Egypt's territory nor negotiate directly with the Israeli government. The two leaders develop a list of provisions to be a basis of a potential settlement that could end the conflict with Israel.
April 19, 1968	Reception of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the UAR, M. Riad, by the General Secretary of the CPSU CC, Cde. L.I. Brezhnev Riad tells Brezhnev about Egypt's attempts to use Arab unity to end recent conflicts with Israel. Riad emphasizes Egypt's aim to stay away from concessions to the Israeli government and stresses the United States's pro-Israel stance.
April 3, 1975	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with with the Secretary of State of the United States, H. Kissinger, 3 April 1975' This memorandum records a conversation between Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin and U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger on April 3, 1975. Topics discussed included U.S. assurances about Soviet submarines, limitations on U.S. technology shared with Japan, and preparations for Soviet leader Brezhnev’s visit to the U.S. Kissinger also shared views on Middle East peace efforts, Southeast Asia, and ongoing disarmament negotiations, emphasizing cautious cooperation while maintaining strategic priorities.
February 1991	Saddam Lectures His Cabinet about the Virtues of Iraq and Promises that the Americans Will Learn a Lesson Saddam Hussein in a meeting with his cabinet in February or March 1991, around the conclusion of the Gulf War. Saddam discusses the depravity of the United States and the injustice of American military action. He disparages other Arab leaders. He compares himself to previous Arab leaders, and discusses the Palestinian question.
1992	Saddam Meeting with Yasser Arafat, as well as Discussions about the Future of the Arab League This audio file contains: A meeting between Saddam Hussein and other high ranking personnel. They discussed the U.S.‐Israel relationship and Yasser Arafat's peace initiative; the 1967 war with Israel; the roles of NATO and the Warsaw Pact; America's oil needs; Jewish immigration to Israel; the end of the Cold War and the international system; the 1956 war against Egypt; a comparison between Iraqi and Israeli military capabilities.