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Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950 Clear All

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Photograph of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, 1945

Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879 - 1953

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Kovalev, Ivan

-

Official Chinese Communist Party portrait of Liu Shaoqi.

Liu, Shaoqi

1898 - 1969

Anastas Mikoyan in 1959

Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich

1895 - 1978

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898 - 1976

Conversations with Mao Zedong

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

Photograph of Kim Il Sung in Moscow, March 1949

Korean War Origins, 1945-1950

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December 18, 1949	Telegram, Mao Zedong to Liu Shaoqi, 18 December 1949
January 25, 1950	Telegram, Mao Zedong to Liu Shaoqi Mao reports that they have completed a draft of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance, as well as an agreement on Lushun, Dalian, and the Chinese Chanchun Railway.
January 1, 1950	Memorandum, Conversation of Mao and USSR Ambassador to China N.V. Roshchin on 1 January 1950 Mao Zedong informs Roshchin that India and Burma had expressed interest in establishing diplomatic relations with China, and that the UK may follow suit. The Chinese position, Mao said, is to agree to negotiations if these governments renounced their ties with the Guomindang. Mao and Roshchin also discussed the military situation and the question of Japanese POWs. Mao did not the POWs right away because the Chinese legal system was not developed enough. He also informed Roshchin of his intention to curtain stay in the USSR.
January 11, 1949	Ciphered Telegram No. 0222, Filippov [Stalin] to Cde. Mao Zedong Stalin further explains his strategy in dealing with the peace proposal received from the Chinese Nationalist Government in Nanjing.
January 14, 1949	Ciphered Telegram No. 50513, Terebin to Kuznetsov, transmitting a Message from Mao Zedong to Filippov [Stalin] Mao informs Stalin that they published a list of conditions under which they would consider entering negotiations with the Chinese Nationalist Government in Nanjing.
February 12, 1950	Telegram, Mao Zedong to Liu Shaoqi Mao Zedong issues an internal party announcement on the signing of a new Sino-Soviet treaty.
January 18, 1949	The Official Statement on the Soviet Government’s Answer to the Note by the Nanjing Government (Izyestia) The Soviet government rejects the proposal from the Chinese Nationalist Government in Nanjing for the Soviet Union to act as mediator in peace negotiations with the Chinese Communist Party.
December 16, 1949	Record of Conversation between I.V. Stalin and Chairman of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China Mao Zedong on 16 December 1949 First meeting between Mao and Stalin. The two discuss war and peace, as well as the question of the new treaty between China and the USSR. Stalin voices himself against signing a new treaty, citing the Yalta agreement. Mao promises to reconsider his position. Mao says he is in favor of keeping Soviet troops in Port Arthur. Stalin promises not to "run away" from China. Mao requests a credit of 300 million dollars, as well as the Soviet aid in liberating Taiwan. Stalin warns Mao not to give the Americans a pretext to intervene in China. Mao says that several countries are interested in establishing diplomatic relations with China but that China should wait before doing so. Stalin agrees with this strategy.
January 22, 1950	Record of Talks between I.V. Stalin and Chairman of the Central People's Government of the People’s Republic of China Mao Zedong Conversation between Stalin and Mao concerning a proposed treaty of friendship and alliance between the USSR and China. Discussion includes: the prospects of future Japanese aggression, the Chinese-Eastern Railway (Mao and Stalin disagree on who should run its administration), the Port Arthur agreements (including the question of the port of Dalny), and economic cooperation. The economic cooperation focuses on a Soviet credit program for economic development in China, as well as the question of arms shipments to China. There is also discussion of Tibet.
February 10, 1950	Telegram, Mao Zedong to Liu Shaoqi Mao Zedong offers instructions on how to publicize the new Sino-Soviet treaty.