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Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950 Clear All

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Photograph of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, 1945

Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879 - 1953

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Kovalev, Ivan

-

Official Chinese Communist Party portrait of Liu Shaoqi.

Liu, Shaoqi

1898 - 1969

Anastas Mikoyan in 1959

Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich

1895 - 1978

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898 - 1976

Conversations with Mao Zedong

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

Photograph of Kim Il Sung in Moscow, March 1949

Korean War Origins, 1945-1950

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January 10, 1949	Cable, Mao to Filippov [Stalin] Mao responds to Stalin's telegram from 6 January 1949. Mao states that any government the GMD may create will be of no influence, that the GMD army is diminished, and that soon the People's Liberation Army will be able to march south and capture several important provinces.
January 13, 1949	Cable, Terebin to Stalin [via Kuznetsov] Terebin states that Mao is firmly against mediation with the GMD and the USSR taking part in mediation talks with the GMD. Terebin states that if Mao cannot make it to Moscow by the end of January, he will most likely not go at all.
January 17, 1949	Cable, Mao Zedong to Filippov [Stalin] Mao states that he must delay his visit to Moscow once again. He gives an alternative, which is to have a member of the Politburo come to visit China instead.
January 17, 1950	Conversation, V.M. Molotov and A.Y Vyshinsky with Mao Zedong, Moscow, 17 January 1950 In this conversation Molotov reads out to Mao the part of Acheson's Jan. 12 statement about the Soviet take-over of Manchuria, Mongolia and Xinjiang. Molotov proposes that the Chinese Foreign Ministry issues a refutation. Mao suggests that Xinhua should do that, but Molotov disagrees, and Mao promises that the Foreign Ministry will issue a statement. Mao, for his part, mentions several US probes to establish relations with Communist China, but notes that his policy is to keep the Americans at arms' length, and, in fact, to force them to leave China altogether. Towards the end Molotov and Mao discuss China's representation at the UN (Molotov asks that China appoint a representative, something that Mao appears reluctant to do), and China's representation at the Allied Control Council for Japan.
January 13, 1950	Cable, Mao Zedong to Liu Shaoqi Mao Zedong gives instructions on Sino-Soviet military cooperation and makes personnel appointments to the Chinese armed forces.
January 6, 1950	Conversation between A. Vyshinsky and Mao Zedong, Moscow In this conversation Mao and Vyshinskii talk about Sino-Soviet economic cooperation, including Soviet aid in rebuilding the Jilin power plant and provision of fuel supplies. The conversation the turns on the question of Japanese POWs. Mao wants to leave them in the USSR for a while longer, and Vyshinskii agrees. Finally, Mao tells Vyshinskii that he is of the opinion that the USSR and China must sign a new treaty of alliance, to which Vyshinskii (possibly unaware of the TASS interview) replies that he sees difficulties in this.
February 1, 1950	Letter to Joseph V. Stalin from Andrey Vyshinsky Vyshinsky informs Stalin of Zhou Enlai's suggested amendments to Sino-Soviet agreements and mutual aid.
February 2, 1950	Top Secret Memorandum from Andrey Vyshinsky to Joseph Stalin In a message to Stalin, Vyshinsky describes Soviet negotiations with Zhou Enlai on the Sino-Soviet agreement on alliance and mutual aid.
February 3, 1950	Top Secret Memorandum to Comrade Joseph V. Stalin from Andrey Vyshinsky Vyshinsky reports to Stalin on the continuing negotiations of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance. References are made toward the Feb 2, 1950, a meeting between Russia and Sino officials; and the amendment/modifications made towards preserving relations between the two nations. Placement of Chinese troops in Soviet territory.
February 10, 1950	Memorandum to Vyshinsky from Soviet Ambassador to China Nikolai Roshchin Following their meeting on 10 February, Soviet Ambassador to China Roshchin reports to Vyshinsky with a list of outstanding questions that Zhou Enlai intends to discuss the next day. These matters include determining how many Soviet technical specialists will be sent to China; settling on the specialists' pay during their time abroad; arranging for a signing ceremony; and other related issues. The letter also references Mao Zedong's scheduled visit to the Soviet Union from 13-16 February, during which he and his delegation intend to visit a collective farm and attend a ballet at the Bolshoi Theater.