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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Sino-Soviet Relations

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879 - 1953

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Puzanov, A. M.

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Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Photograph of Azadi Tower

Middle East

Iran

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

Iran-Soviet Relations

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893 - 1976

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

Cropped photograph of Soviet politician, Vyacheslav Molotov.

Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich

1890 - 1986

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC). Politburo

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Kim Il Sung, 1978

Kim, Il Sung

1912 - 1994

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Documents

1946	Letter, Ya. Malik to Cde. V.M. Molotov In this undated memo, written sometime after July 1946, Malik informs Molotov that he has completed a new draft directive for the Soviet delegation in the Joint Soviet-American Commission cconcerning Korea.
February 1974	Record of Discussions and Conversations between Cde. L. I. Brezhnev and Cde. F. Castro and Other Cuban Leaders, 29 January-2 February 1974 This document contains records of three conversations had between L. I. Brezhnev and Fidel Castro during Brezhnev's visit to Cuba. Castro welcomes Brezhnev to Cuba and the two leaders clearly state the friendship felt between their countries. They also speak about the political and economic situations of Cuba and the USSR, Soviet military aid to Cuba, conflict in the Middle East and Africa, and socialist movements in Latin America.
May 31, 1946	Report on the Work of the Joint Soviet-American Commission to Implement the Moscow Decision of the Three Ministers concerning Korea The Soviet delegation proposed procedures for the work of the Joint Commission on Korea and the terms for consultation with parties and public organization; specifically, it called for the Commission to consult and only listen to parties and organizations of Korea that agreed with the Moscow Decision. The American delegation refused this demand, causing lengthy disputes. A list of parties and public organizations from both South Korea and North Korea for the consultation were drawn, but the right-wing parties in the Democratic Chamber, the administrative body of South Korea, opposed the Moscow decision and Joint Commission decision, and the discussion associated with the formation of a Provisional Korean Government was halted.
December 6, 1946	Report from General-Colonel T. Shtykov to Cde. I.V. Stalin and Cde. V.M. Molotov Shytkov concludes that the Soviet delegation cannot back down from its demands for the parties in Korea to support the Moscow decision. A reversal of this position, Shtykov writes, would lead to the domination of US-backed, right-wing parties to take control over the Provisional Government of Korea.
September 7, 1963	Comments of N.S. Khrushchev (Concerning a Statement of China) Khrushchev criticizes the Soviet response to recent Chinese statements, arguing that it has devolved into unproductive personal attacks rather than principled debate. He accuses the Chinese leadership of distorting his words, spreading false claims of disrespect toward the Chinese people and other nations, and provoking unnecessary conflict. Emphasizing the need for a clear, consistent, and dignified defense of Soviet positions, Khrushchev warns that the dispute with China will be prolonged and urges a coordinated political strategy.
February 22, 1963	Comment of N. S. Khrushchev [on China's Publication of Khrushchev's Speech at the 6th SED Congress] On 25 February 1963, Khrushchev commented on China's publication of his speech at the 6th SED Congress, noting that Chinese leaders, including Mao Zedong, indicated a willingness to stop public criticism of the Soviet Union and discuss issues directly. Khrushchev observed that this shift reflected the success of the USSR’s restrained approach, emphasizing that it would be clear to other Communist parties that the Soviet Union was not responsible for the dispute.
April 20, 1960	Record of a Conversation [between] Cde. N. S. Khrushchev, Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers, and Walter Nash, Prime Minister of New Zealand, on the Shore of the Caucasus (Pitsunda) This record of a conversation between Nikita Khrushchev and New Zealand Prime Minister Walter Nash, held on April 20, 1960, covers various international issues, including disarmament, the Cold War, German reunification, and the status of West Berlin. Nash praises Khrushchev’s peace proposals and emphasizes the importance of disarmament and peaceful coexistence. Khrushchev reiterates the Soviet Union's commitment to disarmament but expresses frustration with Western nations' resistance to concrete agreements. The two leaders discuss the need for mutual trust and the challenge of resolving intricate diplomatic issues. Khrushchev outlines Soviet plans for Germany, advocating peace treaties with both East and West Germany while proposing that West Berlin become a "free city." The conversation ends with Khrushchev agreeing to review cases of New Zealand residents seeking to reunite with family in the USSR. Both leaders express mutual respect and appreciation for the dialogue. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
August 10, 1959	Comments of N.S. Khrushchev In this document, N. S. Khrushchev provides wide-ranging comments on various geopolitical and diplomatic issues. He criticizes the US for holding onto outdated alliances like Taiwan, emphasizing the need to normalize relations and reduce tensions globally. Khrushchev discusses Middle Eastern instability, particularly in Iran, warning against U.S. interference and emphasizing self-determination for colonized nations. He also addresses disarmament, arguing that military bases are a source of tension and advocating for a phased withdrawal of troops and arms control measures. Additional topics include the complexities of summit diplomacy, Lend-Lease repayment disputes, and his correspondence with world leaders such as Macmillan, De Gaulle, and Nehru, stressing the importance of aligning messages to maintain good relations. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
August 10, 1959	N.S. Khrushchev’s Views on the Content of a Memorandum [about a Peace Treaty with Germany] N. S. Khrushchev outlines his perspective on negotiating with the United States regarding a peace treaty with Germany, emphasizing the need to address the division between the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). He critiques Western policies that led to Germany's division and proposes signing a peace treaty with the GDR, while reassuring the U.S. that this action is not a threat to West Berlin. Khrushchev also touches on broader geopolitical issues, such as parallels with divided Korea and Vietnam, the significance of trade as a diplomatic barometer, and the importance of resolving tensions surrounding Taiwan and the People's Republic of China. Throughout, he encourages a phased approach to negotiations, stressing mutual understanding to avoid exacerbating international tensions. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
December 7, 1984	Chief of the Pasvalys Regional Branch of the KGB of the Lithuanian SSR Lt. Colonel S. Saveikis, 'A Plan for the Individual Training of a Young Officer of the State Security Service' This document provides a set of instructions concerning the matters that a newly-recruited state security officer who has not gone through the Chekist educational system needs to know in order to perform his Chekist duties in the successful manner.

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Stalin, Joseph 310

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