Explanatory report on the visit of the Chairman of the Cuban Revolutionary Government and First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, Comrade Fidel Castro, and his entourage to Czechoslovakia
On the days 21.-26.6. In 1972, the Chairman of the KRV and the First Secretary of the Communist Party officially visited the Czechoslovak Republic of Cuba, Comrade Fidel Castro and his entourage. The visit took place based on an invitation that Comrade Fidel Castro received from the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Czech Republic, Dr. G. Husák, the President of the Czechoslovak Republic Ludvík Svoboda and the Prime Minister of the Czechoslovak Republic Lubomír Štrougal.
The purpose of this visit was to complete the normalization of relations between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Republic of Cuba, which were disrupted in 1968-1969, and to exchange views on all issues of common interest and on the experience of building socialism in both countries.
During their stay in Czechoslovakia, Comrade Fidel Castro and his entourage visited Prague, Bratislava, the High Tatras, and Nitra and took part in a demonstration meeting at the summer festival in Houštka. In Bratislava, a friendly meeting was held with the leading party and government representatives of the Slovak Socialist Republic, Comrade J. Lenárt, O, Klokoč, P, Colotka and others. At a ceremony in Carolina, Comrade Fidel Castro was awarded the honorary scientific title of Doctor of Legal Sciences. In addition, the President of the Czechoslovak Republic awarded Comrade Fidel Castro the Order of the White Lion, 1st class, with a chain. Another 16 members of his entourage were awarded the Order of the White Lion II. and III. class, Order of the Red Star and medals for friendship in arms.
Official negotiations between the Czechoslovak delegation led by the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Czechoslovak Communist Party with Dr. G. Husák and the Cuban delegation led by the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba and the Chairman of the KRV [Cuban Revolutionary Front] Fidel Castro was started on June 21, 1972, and continued with the same composition on June 22, 1972. On the same day, there was also a meeting between Comrade Fidel Castro and Comrade Dr. G. Husák, which was attended on the Czechoslovak side by Comrade Dr. L. Štrougal and V. Biľak, and from the Cuban side by Comrade Carlos Rafael Rodríguez.
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During the meeting on June 21, 1972, General Secretary Dr. G. Husák informed Comrade Castro and his entourage in detail about the situation in Czechoslovakia before 1966, about the causes of the crisis in 1968-1969 and about the fulfillment of the tasks of the Communist Party since April 1969.
Comrade Dr. Husák emphasized the complexity of the tasks that had to be solved in the field of party and social life. He pointed out that in the crisis period, the Communist Party was ideologically disorganized, deprived of the ability to act, and did not have a unified and firm leadership. There was also a scattering of the Czechoslovak trade unions and youth organizations. Our international ties with the USSR and other socialist countries were broken. After April 1969, the normal life of socialist society had to be restored, which had to be fought through a hard struggle with right-wing forces, revisionists, and counter-revolution.
Another explanation Comrade Dr. Husák delivered in such a way as to serve as a lesson for the Communist Party of Cuba in the construction of socialism. He recapitulated the struggle between the Czechoslovak Communist Party and the Czechoslovak workers since 1945, and pointed out the remarkable results achieved in Czechoslovakia. He pointed out that the successes of socialist construction in Czechoslovakia were also accompanied by mistakes in assessing the situation, which led to serious mistakes in the field of ideology, politics, and the economy of the state. Efforts to right the wrongs, which began in 1967, were used by right-wing and anti-socialist forces to attack the party,
Internationally, this process was accompanied by attacks by right-wing and anti-socialist forces on our alliance with the Soviet Union and the socialist states. He mentioned that even today some parties in the international communist and workers' movement view the developments in Czechoslovakia in 1968-69 with misunderstanding. He went on to explain that the Communist Party had to be purged of right-wingers, revisionists, and wavering elements.
The role and activities of the National Front were also explained to the Cuban delegation and the situation in the Czech Republic was clarified in detail. economy. Emphasis was placed on the danger created in 1968-1969 by the right's efforts to break the principle of unified management and planning of the economy.
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Explaining Czechoslovak foreign policy, Dr. Husák emphasized that for the Czechoslovak Communist Party and the workers of Czechoslovakia, the alliance with the Soviet Union is a guarantee of independence and further successful development. The defense of Czechoslovakia is based on this alliance. It is the national and state concept of our socialist society. Furthermore, from the policy of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the area of the Czechoslovak Republic. foreign policy results in efforts to consolidate the unity of socialist states. In this sense, the Communist Party delegation was also active at the Moscow conference in June 1969.
Comrade Dr. G. Husák further clarified Czechoslovakia’s position towards the national liberation anti-imperialist movement. He emphasized that Czechoslovakia’s progress in the field of foreign policy is coordinated with the USSR and other socialist states and that we have always welcomed and welcome joint actions of socialist countries. One of the conclusions of the Czechoslovak-Cuban negotiations, there should be wider contact between the Czechoslovak Republic and Cuba and both of these countries with the Soviet Union and other socialist countries. The joint action and progress of the progressive forces would undoubtedly have a greater effect on the international communist and labor movement.
He then pointed to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia’s support of the GDR, the Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and briefly reported on the relations of Czechoslovakia with other socialist countries in Asia. On this occasion, Dr. G. Husák informed Comrade Fidel Castro about our negotiations with the Federal Republic of Germany.
Regarding the Czechoslovak-Cuban mutual relations, he stated that the Czechoslovak party is for the most intensive development of political, economic, and cultural relations. He added that the leadership of the Communist Party highly appreciated Comrade Castro’s visit to socialist countries because it meant deepening cooperation between socialist countries in the fight for peace and socialism.
At the end of his presentation, Comrade Husák emphasized Czechoslovakia’s support and appreciation of the policy of the USSR, which consistently fought for the easing of tensions and the positive attitude of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union towards the negotiations between the Soviet comrades and President Nixon.
Comrade Fidel Castro informed at length the Czechoslovak delegation about the long history of the Cuban people's struggle for independence. He recalled the consequences of the liberation wars of 1863-1878 and 1895 for Cuba and the US methods after the weakening and loss of
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Spanish influence in the Western Hemisphere. At the same time, he pointed to the growth and activation of the anti-imperialist movement in Cuba after 1925, when the Communist Party of Cuba was founded, and to the dissatisfaction of the Cuban people during the crisis of the capitalist system in the 1930s.
After the end of World War II, the political influence of the USA in Cuba was further strengthened. Anti-communist hysteria and the Cold War were also reflected in the domestic political development in Cuba, where in 1952 there was a coup, after which Fulgencio Batista came to power. bloody dictator and direct instrument of North American imperialism.
Then Fidel Castro went on to explain the program of the 26th of July Movement, which launched an armed struggle against F. Batista's dictatorship in 1953 by attacking the Moncada barracks in Santiago de Cuba. According to Comrade Castro, the armed struggle was not understood as an isolated action, but as a signal for a general strike and to carry out an insurrection. The 26th of July Movement itself was not a movement with a communist program, but in its ranks there were officials who subscribed to Marxism.
Then comrade Fidel Castro went on to explain how in December 1956 in Cuba, after previous preparation in Mexico, a small guerrilla group gradually gained strength and influence during 1957 and 1958 to the point of overthrowing the hated dictatorial Batista regime in January 1959.
After the fall of Batista and the victory of the revolution, a program of profound political and economic-social transformations was launched in Cuba.
A law on land reform was adopted, latifundia were liquidated, sugar mills, banks and mines belonging to domestic and foreign companies were expropriated. These measures caused a wave of indignation in the USA, which during the 60s tried in various ways, including armed struggle, to reverse the revolutionary development in Cuba.
Comrade Fidel Castro emphasized that Czechoslovakia was one of the first socialist countries, along with the USSR, which immediately after the victory of the revolution began to cooperate with Cuba and provided it with all possible assistance.
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The process of revolutionary transformations culminated on April 17, 1961, when the Cuban revolutionary government openly signed up for the construction of socialism in Cuba. It was in the days of the landing of US-hired mercenaries on the Giron Beach. In this context, Comrade Castro recalled that the first arms deliveries from the USSR and Czechoslovakia played a decisive role in the defeat of the interventions and that the alliance and assistance of the socialist countries made it possible for Cuba to oppose the US.
After that, comrade Castro moved on to clarify the current economic situation in Cuba. He said that working Cubans today live modestly, but health care is provided for the masses, medicine, and education for all. However, Cuba's economy is still dependent on the production of sugar and partially nickel and tobacco. Cuba does not have its own resources of raw materials and energy. It has small capacities available in the processing industry, textiles, and pharmaceuticals. Until the revolution, poverty and hopelessness reigned in the country. Now, thanks to the help of the USSR and socialist countries, some economic development has been achieved. Compared to 1959, electricity production doubled in 1971, the production of cement, engineering steel, artificial fertilizers, mechanization of agriculture is developing, and large water works are being built.
While explaining the economic situation of Cuba, Comrade Castro indicated the possibility of cooperation with socialist countries in the production of alloy steels, and the processing of sugar cane pulp for the production of cellulose. He also spoke out for the integration of the economy of Cuba with the socialist states, which would not exclude a certain integration of the economy of Cuba with the economy of Latin American countries.
In another explanation, he pointed out that the imperialists skillfully took advantage of Cuba's difficulties and tried to attribute them to the incompetence of the Cuban leadership. There are some economic questions that cannot be answered at the moment and can only be solved within the framework of cooperation with socialist countries.
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Comrade Castro stated that Cuba had no pressing political problems and that the Cuban revolution was politically armed for the future. Cuban youth are aware of the need to work. For the next 25 years, with the modest progress expected, Cuba must endure. It will be based on its own reality and gradually prepare the background for the country's standard of living and the solution of major problems that have not yet been solved.
During the visit of the Cuban delegation to the CSSR, headed by Comrade Fidel Castro, there were no official economic negotiations. Only during the visit to the High Tatras, a member of the Cuban delegation, Minister C, R. Rodriguez, questioned Deputy Prime Minister comrade Ing. J. Zahradník on the total estimated amount of the government loan that the CSSR could provide to Cuba based on earlier negotiations.
The answer to this question was given in accordance with the resolution of the Presidency of the Government of the Czechoslovak Republic dated May 25, 1972 No. 178, which was adopted after a discussion of the report of the Deputy Prime Minister with Ing. J. Zahradník on the results of the 11th meeting of the Czechoslovak-Cuban Committee for Economic and Scientific-Technical Cooperation.
The official negotiations between the Czechoslovak and Cuban delegations and the overall stay of the Cuban delegation in the CSSR took place in a friendly atmosphere and a spirit of full brotherly understanding. The Cuban delegation was also very favorably impressed by the reception it received during its entire stay in the CSSR from the Czechoslovak people.
At the end of comrade Fidel Castro's stay in the CSSR, the Joint Czechoslovak-Cuban Communiqué was adopted.
This document, which was published in the Cuban and Czechoslovak press, contains the positions of both fraternal parties and governments on other important issues affecting current world events and mutual Czechoslovak-Cuban relations.
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When discussing the final version of the joint communique, the Czechoslovak side met the request of the Cuban side and adopted wording firmly condemning the escalation of aggression by the government of the United States of North America in Vietnam. Also at her request, the Czechoslovak party decided that the joint communiqué should contain a more comprehensive assessment of the development in Latin America than the Czechoslovak had anticipated. proposal.
The Cuban side did not consider it necessary to include in the joint communiqué a paragraph evaluating the May negotiations between the representatives of the USSR and President Nixon in Moscow, pointing out that the Cuban delegation did not comment on this issue in other European socialist countries either.
On June 26, before leaving Prague for Moscow, Comrade Fidel Castro visited the President of the Republic, Comrade Ludvik Svoboda, in his Prague residence.
Then the last meeting of the two delegations took place at the Castle.
Comrade Dr. G. Husák noted that the talks between the two delegations were very successful and useful and contributed to the deepening of bilateral relations between the Czechoslovak Republic and Cuba, the unity of socialist countries, and all progressive forces. He emphasized that the communiqué could not capture the great sympathy of the Czechoslovak Republic for the people of revolutionary Cuba, their revolutionary struggle, and the person of Comrade Castro. He expressed the hope that at an appropriate time, Comrade Castro could unofficially visit Czechoslovakia. In connection with the end of Comrade Castro's visit to Czechoslovakia, Comrade Dr. G. Husák once again emphasized the role of the USSR in the international communist and workers' movement and its leading role in the community of socialist countries.
In response to the words of comrade Dr. Comrade Fidel Castro thanked G. Husák for the warm welcome, care, and sympathy shown to him and his entourage throughout their stay in the Czechoslovak Republic. He expressed his belief that mutual relations will further deepen, expressed his admiration for the party's great activity, and assured comrade Dr. Husák about complete trust in the line
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of our party and complete solidarity with the Communist Party.
Finally, Comrade Castro expressed his belief that his visit to the USSR would be fruitful and successful since the USSR and the leadership of the CPSU had shown a deep interest in the problems of Cuba.
Comrade Castro did not rule out the possibility of coming to Czechoslovakia for an unofficial visit and invited Comrade Husák, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, Comrade Husák, the President of the Republic, Comrade Ludvík Svoboda, and the Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia, Comrade Lubomír Štrougal, to visit Cuba on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba and the revolutionary government of the Republic of Cuba.
In the interest of further development of the Czechoslovak - Cuban relations, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Comrade Ing., will make a reciprocal visit to Cuba. Bohuslav Chňupek for the visit of the Cuban Minister of Foreign Affairs Raul Roy to Czechoslovakia, which took place on June 26-30, 1971.
For correctness:
Minister of Foreign Affairs:
Ing. Bohuslav Chnoupe to vr
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